Until the end of 2016 at the intersection of streets People's Militia and Berzarina (North-Western Administrative District of Moscow), the first winchester-type tunnel in the capital will appear. Its peculiarity is that the lanes for traffic are not located next to each other, but one above the other. Movement along them is carried out in opposite directions.
Winchester Tunnel. Photo: Shot of the TVC channel
What are the advantages of the Winchester Tunnel design?
The Winchester Tunnel allows you to move the highway as far as possible from residential buildings and increase the speed of vehicles. So, due to the construction of a winchester tunnel in the North-West Administrative District, Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street will pass at a distance of 14-15 meters from residential buildings, in the narrowest sections - 11 meters. In the case of a conventional tunnel, the distance would be reduced to 6 m.
How will traffic on the site be organized?
The tunnel will have three lanes in each direction. Cars will move towards the Oktyabrskoye Pole metro station in the lower tunnel 786 meters long, which will pass at a depth of 12.5 meters, and in the upper 542-meter tunnel, which will be located 10 meters from the earth's surface, transport will move in the direction of the Khoroshevo district -Diaries.
Three unique road objects built on North-West Expressway (SZH), according to the press service of the building complex of the capital.
They became Alabyano-Baltic Tunnel, winchester tunnel at the intersection of Narodnogo Opolcheniya street with Berzarin street and girder bridge through gateway No. 9 of the Moscow Canal. Such engineering decisions had to be made to implement projects in a densely built-up urban environment, said the head of the Moscow Construction Department. Andrey Bochkarev.
Alabyano-Baltic tunnel passes under Leningradsky Prospekt and Volokolamsky and Leningradsky tunnels of the Zamoskvoretskaya metro line. Its maximum depth - 29 meters, length - 1935 meters.
According to Bochkarev, this the only tunnel in the world, passing under such large transport arteries and built without stopping traffic.
Winchester Tunnel is unique in that traffic flows go one above the other, and not side by side. Cars go almost 100 meters in different tunnels: lower and upper, depths of 12.5 and 10 meters.
Bochkarev noted that the peculiarity of the tunnel is due to the dense development on Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street. This tunnel has no analogues in Russia.
Also a unique object is new Karamyshevsky bridge, who completed construction SZH. During its construction, two banks were built from two banks. "Floating" bridge, which are then connected. On solid scaffolds on the shore, coastal more massive spans were assembled, which served as a counterweight for the central channel span, which was assembled into a canopy with the help of unique 750 ton cranes.
Karamyshevsky mos t - the final part of the construction of the North-West Expressway. It is part of the section from Marshal Zhukov Avenue to Rublevskoye Highway, on which 9.2 km of roads were introduced, including two bridges.
The new bridge made it possible to reduce car delays on this section by 6 minutes (2.5 times). It was opened on November 29th. Now in this place you can go in three lanes in each direction due to the elimination of a bottleneck on Karamyshevsky bridge.
It is noted that 14 thousand 300 cars pass through this section every day SZH to Narodnogo Opolcheniya street, to the Mnevniki area from Narodnogo Opolcheniya street - 13,800 cars per day.
North-West Chord, will connect the Western, North-Western, Northern and North-Eastern districts of Moscow. It runs from Skolkovskoye Highway to Yaroslavskoye. The highway will be able to relieve Moscow roads by 15%.
A "winchester" tunnel will appear in the capital. The underground road, which will become part of the North-West Expressway, will be built on Narodnogo militia street. At the top, the traffic lights will be removed, and in the tunnel itself, the cars will go in two floors - one above the other.
A quarter of the street of the People's Militia will go on the ground. City transport will be removed into the tunnel. It will be built using a special technology: along the section of the tunnel, two multidirectional flows will go one above the other, in two floors.
This principle was dubbed "Winchester" - by the resemblance to a rifle, two barrels of which also lie one on top of the other. Each direction - towards Marshal Zhukov Street on the odd side and to Leningradka along the even - will be removed into separate tunnels. They start at the same time and at the same depth. Gradually, the left side rises and shifts towards the right side, which is longer. As soon as the short left section ends, the cars drive out of it into an open area. One hundred meters, cars will move along the roof of the right tunnel. This is the Winchester.
The engineers went to such tricks for a reason. To relieve the Narodnogo militia street, it was first planned to build an overpass. But the locals protested. We stopped at a tunnel at the intersection with Berzarin Street.
"I think that the overpass was not a very optimal option. Therefore, judging by the project, such a tunnel is good enough, worthy." “It will go down after all. It will be quieter and calmer,” local residents believe.
The tunnel will become part of the North-West Expressway. Its planned width is six lanes, and the People's Militia is four. In order not to get a narrow "neck", I had to expand. With conventional technology, the tunnels would run too close to the foundations of houses.
"Building a" winchester "tunnel is not an easy decision, it was made exclusively at the request of residents. If we were to build two standard tunnels, it would be quite close to houses," the Deputy Mayor in the Moscow Government for Urban Development emphasizes in an interview with the program. politics and construction Marat Khusnullin.
The length of the tunnel is almost 800 meters. This will remove three traffic lights from Tukhachevsky, Berzarin, Biryuzova streets. Drivers complain about them tirelessly.
"The problem is in traffic lights, especially at" Oktyabrsky Pole ". Everything is worth it. "" Here at rush hour and up to half an hour, you can stand, "- say the drivers.
On both sides of the tunnel, a lane will be left for public transport and private - so that residents of houses on Narodnogo militia street can freely drive up to their homes. For pedestrians - five underground crossings. Additional turns will be built on the free site above the tunnel. During construction, the number of lanes will not decrease. All four lanes will move closer to the odd side of the street. For those traveling in the direction of Leningradka, the temporary lane has already been opened. For those who will move to Marshal Zhukov, now it is being completed. And the first cars will go through the new tunnel next year.
Text: "Vesti-Moscow"
One more tunnel will be added to the diamond long-term construction project - the Alabyano-Baltic Tunnel.
The residents of the North-West Administrative District will face another transport collapse and an ecological disaster.
A new enchanting project from Marat Khusnullin, the Moscow mayor's office and the notorious NPO Kosmos company, the North-West Expressway, will be decorated with a tunnel along the street. Civil uprising.
In addition to the most expensive long-term construction - the Alabyano-Baltic tunnel, on which about 70 billion rubles have already been thundered (no one knows the exact figure), it was decided to build another tunnel, on the street. Civil uprising. The Winchester Tunnel at the intersection of Berzarin and People's Militia Streets is designed to improve intra-district communications. Apparently, having removed the "extra" turns, and depriving the area of the necessary turns and ramps, the designers are waiting for miracles.
If the appearance of the Alabyano-Baltic monster was still somehow tried to explain: “we will connect two streets,” then the meaning of the emergence of another tunnel is explained vaguely and in general terms: “ The new overpass 786 meters long will eliminate congestion at intersections and more efficiently organize the intra-block movement of cars.
Traffic along it will be organized in three lanes in each direction. Two U-turns will be built - one at the intersection with Berzarin Street, and the second under the Sandy Overpass. Some traffic lights will be removed.»
What does "more efficient" mean? "Your eyelashes will get 11% longer and thicker"? It must be said that even without loud statements and reconstructions, reversals exist and provide no less than the connectivity of the areas near the Molodezhnaya and Krylatskoye metro stations with Oktyabrsky Pole, Shchukino and Sokol.
But let's take a closer look at the babble about crossings: some crossings are just a traffic light and a pedestrian crossing between Berzarina Street and Oktyabrsky Pole. Opposite the Zebra store there is one of the most needed crossroads in the microdistrict.
As it became known from sources close to the NGO Kosmos, the underground passage (which was promised to residents at hearings and meetings with the population) is not being built. Here is such a perdimonocle! Too many communications interfere, as well as a strategically important high voltage cable, which was either touched or nearly touched by the builders. If the underground passage will be built as planned - a big request to inform about it so that we do not worry.
Without crossing the Zebra, the Shchukino and Horoshevo-Mnevniki districts will turn into a monstrous no-go zone. Muscovites will have to walk hundreds of meters just to cross the road either on Berzarin Street or at the Oktyabrskoye Pole metro station. It is also unclear how the usual U-turns at the metro intersection will be carried out.
It will be impossible to turn onto Berzarin Street to the odd side of the street, to houses No. 3/1, 3/2, 5, 7/1, 7/2, 9, 11 by car. We'll have to wave a couple of kilometers back and forth just to turn around.
To make a through passage along the courtyard near the houses means to turn the courtyard along the street. Berzarin to another transit route. All those hungry and thirsty to go around, will rush from the 3rd Khoroshevsky passage through the courtyard and it will be impossible to live in the microdistrict.
Also, in most of the apartments on Narodnoe Militia Street, the old windows were not replaced with new ones - soundproof, although the builders are obliged to do this by law. Citizens' questions are answered: there is no money. Although the windows had to be changed en masse. Where did the money go? Where are the windows? After all, construction has already begun on April 20, 2013?
It almost seems like a trifle of life that the pedestrian zones along the People's Militia Street are disfigured and broken.
In places the roads are dug up, in places the asphalt is broken, in rainy weather it is generally impossible to walk to public transport stops because of the continuous puddles.
It is surprising that the dug up streets, pits and potholes are covered with anything found by the builders in the nearest garbage dumps. In some places they threw pieces of iron and an old, broken door.
A lot of money was most likely allocated for the improvement of pedestrian zones during construction!
In a separate line I would like to mention the insolence of the workers and their foremen - they hammer and slaughter at any time of the day or night. Mosgosstroynadzor reported that the builders did not have permission for night work. However, nothing has been heard about the fines of NGO Kosmos. The response from the supervisory authority says that if the facts are repeated, they will be fined.
Every day, residents turn to the police about violations of the law on silence by the builders. And yesterday they scored at one in the morning, and today after 22.00. Space wanted to spit on the residents and on the visits of the police, because what could she be, the police?
More than once I have met drunk workers at the construction site. In the cabins at the construction site, in violation of all the rules, there are tiles and kettles on which food is prepared. Builders, head over heels in sand and fuel oil, go to the nearest shops "Pyaterochka" and "Zebra" right in overalls to buy goods, dirty those who did not leave them in time.
Without hesitation, construction equipment parks in parking lots near residential buildings.
Whatever the cosmonauts do, they get away with it: a truck crane that fell into the Alabyano-Baltic tunnel, and a lamppost with live wires piled right on top of the cars. The maximum is some kind of fine. It’s absurd, but the checking gentlemen answer me that “fallen truck cranes at a construction site is a common thing,” and letters come from the police that “some inconvenience” due to the driving of piles at night is normal. That is, violation of the law on silence is not punished in any way, Cosmos is the sacred cow of the Moscow construction complex.
Workers periodically block the pedestrian zones along the People's Militia, or the only passage on the street. Berzarin. Once, an ambulance could not get to a patient, and a car with doctors was standing, waiting for the unloading of building blocks.
When the pipes were brought in, water flowed from the hoses for several days, undermining the soil and creating mud on the road where people walk ..
Damn those who designed the chord and the old grandmothers. They will have to come to terms with changing several familiar bus and trolleybus routes at once. Attention granny !!! The route of the bus number 26, the one that goes directly to the city polyclinic number 173, will change. How? Try to inquire about this in the Prefecture of the North-West Administrative District.
They try to talk less often about changes in public transport routes, a very slippery topic, because the affairs of the Moscow authorities do not fit in with conversations about working for the benefit of residents.
In place of sleepy office clerks, satisfied with their salary, a wheelbarrow on credit for trips to the dacha and bowling on Saturdays, I would have worried right now how we will all get by public transport to Oktyabrsky Pole and Shchukinskaya, if suddenly there is a traffic jam on vaunted chord? 
Now public transport easily gets from Molodezhnaya and Krylatskoye to Sokol. It is perfectly possible to drive from one district to another, and turn in the direction of "Shchukinskaya". After the launch of the Alabyano-Baltiysky tunnel, the scheme of urban transport traffic on the bridge on the street. Halabyana is vague and uncertain. Will trolleybuses go to the circle on the Sokol, and if so, how?
If traffic no longer remains the same, how will residents get from one district to another and to the Sokol metro station? Where is the promised improvement in "district connectivity" here?
All the outlined changes only contribute to the difficulty of traffic between areas and the deterioration of the situation with transport accessibility. Where is that comfortable city, about which the capital's TV channels broadcast so much?
In the future, the five-minute distance from the house to the Oktyabrskoe Pole metro station will need to be covered, overcoming various obstacles on the way. Where is the city convenient for residents, if the entire city residential street was allowed to be destroyed, and there is already a thick smog hanging in the air, visible to the naked eye?
On Tukhachevsky Street, instead of normal crossings, they are going to build an ugly overhead monster for ever and ever. After this, words from the lips of Moscow officials about a comfortable city sound like a mockery! 
And one more important point - the construction of the North-West Expressway is still going nowhere. That is, residents have not seen any permits for the construction of a road across the Mnevnikovskaya floodplain. And I would very much like to know where the 8-lane highway will go next, abutting a 6-lane bridge? Nothing has been heard about the plans to build a science city in Skolkovo for a long time, but we have heard about plans to tie a chord to the planned Moscow-St. Petersburg highway.
Dedicated lanes for public transport along the SZH are not designed. At least I have not heard about them, and even asked questions on this topic to the prefect of the SZAO Vladimir Goverdovsky and the deputy prefect Prishchepov. In response, I heard an indistinct babble that our movement against the People's Militia would be just wonderful.
Total: at the moment, it is planned to worsen the situation with the movement of residents within the area and a lot of obstacles and overruns for public transport. But the first and main condition for a comfortable city is the convenience of pedestrians.
"WITH Now in the area of Narodnogo Opolcheniya street there is a temporary bypass road. " Perhaps these curved narrow passages are just her? New temporary bypass road?
And how temporary is such a bypass road? The Alabyano-Baltic tunnel has been under construction for 8 years and the end of the region is not visible. The whole secret is that NPO Kosmos will build indefinitely, because the longer the construction takes, the more budget money will be pumped in. It is a very profitable business to build forever.
This year NPO Kosmos was even filed with the Arbitration Court, demanding to declare the company bankrupt. The application was withdrawn, but the residue remained: how can a probable bankrupt build the most expensive objects in Moscow, and even win tenders for the construction of new ones?
And of course, on the street of the People's Militia there will be not three lanes in each direction, but four. Good uncles from Deptrans always shyly keep silent about another strip on each side for turns. Considering the lack of traffic light on the future route, the authorities are preparing the residents of Moscow for another PREDICTED transport collapse this year.
Metro station "October field". Devastation. They promised to complete the construction of the North-West Expressway by December 2013. Everyone laughed, no one believed it. And they laughed rightly. A month later, the poster was replaced by the next one, that the opening was postponed to 2014. Now Khusnullin announced the construction of the tunnel by 2016. It's only the beginning. 
It is surprising that the creators of the Northwest Expressway talk about temporary inconveniences. In fact, residents will forever get a "nightmare on Elm Street", the rumble of a transit highway under the windows 8 meters from their beds and a traffic flow, the environmental damage from which is impossible to predict even approximately. 
Three unique man-made structures were built on the North-West Expressway. This is the Alabyano-Baltic tunnel, a winchester-type tunnel at the intersection of ul. People's Militia from st. Berzarin and the girder bridge across the gateway No. 9 of the Canal named after Moscow. These engineering decisions had to be made to implement projects in a densely built urban environment.
“Three unique artificial structures were built on the North-West Expressway,” said Andrey Bochkarev, head of the Moscow Construction Department. - This is the Alabyano-Baltic tunnel, a winchester-type tunnel at the intersection of ul. People's Militia from st. Berzarin and the girder bridge across the gateway No. 9 of the Canal named after Moscow. These engineering decisions had to be made to implement projects in a densely built urban environment. "
The length of the Alabyano-Baltic Tunnel is 1935 meters, the covered part is 1565 meters. The maximum depth is 29 meters. The tunnel passes under Leningradsky Prospekt and two transport tunnels (Volokolamsky and Leningradsky) and the Zamoskvoretskaya metro line, connecting Alabyan and Bolshaya Akademicheskaya streets. This is the only tunnel in the world that passes under such active transport arteries, and its construction was carried out without stopping traffic.
The uniqueness of the second tunnel lies in the fact that the oncoming streams of cars move one above the other for almost 100 meters. This feature is associated with dense development on Narodnogo Opolcheniya Street, it was necessary to ensure the normative deviation of the tunnel from residential buildings. There are no analogues to such a winchester tunnel not only in Moscow, but also in Russia. The length of the tunnel is 786 meters.
Initially, it was proposed to build the bridge across the channel No. 9 of the Canal with a cable-stayed cable, it was the cables that were supposed to hold the longest span of more than 200 meters, more precisely 206. But in order to reduce the cost of the project, the task was to design a girder bridge. The 206 meter girder bridge span without additional supports is a unique solution. Designers and builders found a way out: they built two floating bridges from the two banks, as in Zaryadye, and connected them over the water surface of the canal. Onshore, more massive spans were assembled on solid scaffolds on the shore, and served as a counterweight for the central channel span, which was assembled into a canopy using unique 750-ton cranes.
During the construction of the North-West Expressway, 19 overpasses and 4 bridges with a total length of 8.205 km, 9 tunnels with a total length of 5.658 km, 18 underground pedestrian crossings, 11 overhead crossings and one pedestrian bridge were erected.