Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov(October 4 - September 28, 1981) - the hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, the commander of a group of fighters, which in the fall of 1942 defended a four-story residential building on Lenin Square (Pavlov's house) in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders have become a symbol heroic defense cities on the Volga. Hero of the Soviet Union (1945).
Biography
Yakov Pavlov was born in the village of Krestovaya, finished elementary school, worked in agriculture. In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. He met the Great Patriotic War in combat units in the Kovel region, as part of the troops of the South-Western Front.
In 1942, Pavlov was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Division of General A.I. Rodimtsev. He took part in defensive battles on the outskirts of Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, senior sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine-gun section of the 7th company. In September 1942 - in the battles for Stalingrad, carried out reconnaissance missions.
In the evening of September 27, 1942, Pavlov received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-storey building overlooking the central square of Stalingrad - the 9th January square. This building occupied an important tactical position. With three soldiers (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov), he knocked the Germans out of the building and completely captured it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition and telephone communications. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders increased to 26 people. It took a long time to dig a trench and evacuate civilians hiding in the basements of the house.
The Germans constantly attacked the building with artillery and aerial bombs. But Pavlov avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga. On November 19, 1942, the troops of the Stalingrad Front launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Pavlov was wounded in the leg, lay in the hospital, then was a gunner and commander of the reconnaissance department in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian fronts, in which he reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and many medals. June 17, 1945 Junior Lieutenant Yakov Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union(medal No. 6775). Pavlov was demobilized from the ranks of the Soviet Army in August 1946.
After demobilization, he worked in the city of Valdai, Novgorod Region, was the third secretary of the district committee, graduated from the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Three times he was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war, he was also awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution. He repeatedly visited Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from the ruins. In 1980, Ya. F. Pavlov was awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd."
Pavlov was buried in the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod. There is a version that Pavlov did not die in 1981, but became the confessor of the Holy Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Father Cyril. This information has no confirmation and has been repeatedly refuted.
Memory
- In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsy microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, 44).
- The streets in Veliky Novgorod and Valdai bear the name of the Hero.
Image in culture
Cinema- Battle of Stalingrad (1949) - Leonid Knyazev.
- Stalingrad (1989) - Sergei Garmash.
- Yakov Pavlov is mentioned in the Call of Duty computer game in the Pavlov campaign.
- In the computer game Panzer Corps in the 42-year grand campaign in the mission "Docks of Stalingrad" there is Pavlov's house, which is protected by the squad "Sergeant Pavlov".
- Yakov Pavlov took part in the Song-74 festival.
- Yakov Pavlov appears in the Sniper Elite game.
- Pavlov's house is present in the computer game Red Orchestra 2: Heroes of Stalingrad.
see also
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Notes (edit)
Links
Heroes of the Country website.
- TSB, 2nd edition.
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An excerpt characterizing Pavlov, Yakov Fedotovich
“Very well,” answered Nesvitsky.He called a Cossack with a horse, ordered to remove his purse and flask, and easily threw his heavy body onto the saddle.
“Really, I'll go to the nuns,” he said to the officers, who looked at him with a smile, and drove along the winding path downhill.
- Noot ka, where he will report, captain, stop ka! - said the general, referring to the gunner. - Get rid of boredom.
- Servant to the guns! - commanded the officer.
And a minute later the gunners merrily ran out of the fires and loaded them.
- First! - the command was heard.
The 1st number bounced briskly. Metallically, deafening, the gun rang, and over the heads of all our people under the mountain, whistling, a grenade flew and, not reaching the enemy far, showed the place of its fall with a smoke and burst.
The faces of the soldiers and officers cheered up at the sound; everyone got up and started observing the movements that were visible, as in the palm of your hand, at the bottom of our troops and in front - the movements of the approaching enemy. The sun at that very moment completely came out of the clouds, and this beautiful sound of a lonely shot and the glitter of the bright sun merged into one cheerful and cheerful impression.
Two enemy cannonballs had already flown over the bridge, and there was a crush on the bridge. In the middle of the bridge, getting off his horse, pressed by his fat body to the railing, stood Prince Nesvitsky.
He, laughing, looked back at his Cossack, who, with two horses in the bit, stood a few steps behind him.
As soon as Prince Nesvitsky wanted to move forward, again the soldiers and carts pressed on him and again pressed him to the railing, and he had no choice but to smile.
- What you are, brother, my! - said the Cossack to the Furshtat soldier with a cart, who was pressing on the infantry crowded with wheels and horses. No, to wait: you see, the general has to pass.
But the furshtat, not paying attention to the name of the general, shouted at the soldiers who blocked his way: - Hey! fellow countrywomen! keep left, wait! - But fellow countrywomen, huddling shoulder to shoulder, clinging with bayonets and without interruption, moved across the bridge in one continuous mass. Looking down over the railing, Prince Nesvitsky saw the fast, noisy, low waves of Ens, which, merging, rippling and bending around the piles of the bridge, overtook one another. Looking at the bridge, he saw the equally monotonous living waves of soldiers, kutases, shako with covers, knapsacks, bayonets, long rifles and from under shako faces with wide cheekbones, sunken cheeks and carefree tired expressions and moving legs along sticky mud drawn on the bridge boards ... Sometimes between the monotonous waves of soldiers, like a splash of white foam in the waves of the Ens, an officer in a cloak squeezed between the soldiers, with his physiognomy different from the soldiers; sometimes, like a splinter winding along a river, a foot hussar, a batman, or a resident was carried away across the bridge by waves of infantry; sometimes, like a log floating on a river, surrounded on all sides, a company or officer's carriage, stacked to the top and covered with leather, sailed across the bridge.
“See, they burst like a dam,” the Cossack said, hopelessly stopping. "Are there many of you still there?"
- Melion without one! - a cheerful soldier walking close by in a torn greatcoat said with a wink and was hiding; another old soldier walked behind him.
“How he (he is the enemy) will start frying tapericha across the bridge,” said the gloomy old soldier, turning to his comrade, “you will forget to scratch.
And the soldier passed by. Another soldier followed him in a cart.
- Where, the devil, did you stuff the rolls? Said the orderly, running after the cart and groping in the tailgate.
And this one passed by with a cart. This was followed by cheerful and, apparently, drunk soldiers.
“How can he, my dear man, blaze with a butt in the very teeth…” said one soldier in a high-tucked greatcoat, waving his hand widely.
- That is it, that sweet ham. Answered the other with a laugh.
And they passed, so that Nesvitsky did not recognize who had been hit in the teeth and what the ham was related to.
- Ek are in a hurry that he let the cold one, you think so, everyone will be killed. The non-commissioned officer said angrily and reproachfully.
- As it flies past me, uncle, the core is that, - said, barely holding back from laughing, with a huge mouth, a young soldier - I just died out. Really, by God, I was so frightened, trouble! - said this soldier, as if boasting that he was frightened. And this one passed. He was followed by a wagon unlike any that had passed until now. It was a German foreskin on steam, loaded, it seemed, with a whole house; behind the foreskin, which the German was carrying, was tied to a beautiful, motley, with a huge udder, cow. On the feather beds sat a woman with a baby, an old woman, and a young, crimson-faced, healthy German girl. Apparently, these evicted residents were allowed through by special permission. The eyes of all the soldiers turned to the women, and as the wagon passed, moving step by step, and all the soldiers' remarks referred to only two women. Almost the same smile of obscene thoughts about this woman was on all faces.
- Look, the sausage is also removed!
“Sell your mother,” another soldier said, striking on the last syllable, addressing the German, who, with his eyes downcast, walked angrily and frightenedly with a wide step.
- Ek cleaned up like that! That is the devils!
“I wish you could stand by them, Fedotov.
- We did, brother!
- Where are you going? Asked the infantry officer, who was eating an apple, also half-smiling and looking at the beautiful girl.
The German, closing his eyes, showed that he did not understand.
“If you want, take it for yourself,” the officer said, handing the girl an apple. The girl smiled and took it. Nesvitsky, like everyone else on the bridge, did not take his eyes off the women until they passed. When they passed, the same soldiers were walking again, with the same conversations, and finally everyone stopped. As is often the case, at the exit of the bridge, the horses in the company carriage were huddled, and the whole crowd had to wait.
- And what do they become? There is no order! The soldiers said. - Where are you going? Damn! There is no way to wait. It will be worse when he sets the bridge on fire. You see, the officer was pinned down, - said the stopped crowds from different sides, looking at each other, and they all huddled forward towards the exit.
Yakov Pavlov was born in the village of Malaya Krestovaya, now the Valdai district of the Novgorod region, finished elementary school, and worked in agriculture. In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. He met the Great Patriotic War in combat units in the Kovel region, as part of the troops of the South-Western Front.
In 1942, Pavlov was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Division of General A.I. Rodimtsev. He took part in defensive battles on the outskirts of Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, senior sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine-gun section of the 7th company. In September 1942 - in the battles for Stalingrad, carried out reconnaissance missions.
In the evening of September 27, 1942, Pavlov received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-storey building overlooking the central square of Stalingrad - the 9th January square. This building occupied an important tactical position. With three soldiers (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov), he knocked the Germans out of the building and completely captured it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition and telephone communications. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders increased to 24 people. It took a long time to dig a trench and evacuate civilians hiding in the basements of the house.
The Nazis constantly attacked the building with artillery and aerial bombs. But Afanasyev avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga.
On November 19, 1942, the troops of the Stalingrad Front (see Operation Uranus) launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Pavlov was wounded in the leg, lay in the hospital, then was a gunner and commander of the reconnaissance department in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian fronts, in which he reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and many medals. On June 17, 1945, Junior Lieutenant Yakov Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (medal No. 6775). Pavlov was demobilized from the ranks of the Soviet Army in August 1946.
After demobilization, he worked in the city of Valdai, Novgorod Region, was the first secretary of the district committee, graduated from the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Three times he was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war, he was also awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution. He repeatedly visited Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from the ruins. In 1980, Ya. F. Pavlov was awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd."
In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsy microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, 44).
Pavlov was buried in the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod. There is a version that Pavlov did not die in 1981, but became the confessor of the Holy Trinity-Sergius Lavra, Fr. Cyril. This information has no confirmation - this is his namesake, who was also the defender of Stalingrad.
Image in culture
- Stalingrad battle(1949) - Leonid Knyazev
- Stalingrad (1989) - Sergei Garmash.
- Yakov Pavlov is mentioned in the Call of Duty computer game in the Pavlov campaign.
| Memorial wall-monument "Pavlov's House" in Volgograd | ||
| Memorial wall-monument "Pavlov's House" in Volgograd (fragment) | ||
| Tombstone | ||
| Memorial plaque in Novgorod | ||
| Annotation board |
NS Avlov Yakov Fedotovich - commander of the machine-gun section of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Rifle Division of the 62nd Army of the Don Front, Guard Senior Sergeant.
Born on October 4 (17), 1917 in the village of Krestovaya, now in the Valdai District of the Novgorod Region, into a peasant family. Russian. Graduated from elementary school.
In the Red Army since 1938. During the Great Patriotic War, in which he took part since June 1941, J.F. Pavlov was the commander of the machine-gun squad, gunner, and commander of the reconnaissance squad; participated in battles on the South-West, Donskoy, Stalingrad, 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian fronts, having covered the battle path from Stalingrad to the Elbe. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1944.
During the defensive battles in the city of Stalingrad (now the hero city of Volgograd) on the night of September 27, 1942, following the order of the company commander of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Rifle Division (62nd Army, Don Front), Senior Lieutenant Naumov I.I., a reconnaissance group (corporal Glushchenko V.S., Red Army soldiers A.P. Aleksandrov, N.Ya. Chernogolovy), headed by the commander of the machine-gun department, Sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov, captured in the city center a miraculously survived 4-storey residential house number 61 of the Stalingrad Regional Consumer Union on Penzenskaya Street, in order to gain a foothold in it and prevent the breakthrough of German troops to the Volga River in the area of 9 January Square (now Lenin Square).
At the command post of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment, located opposite, in a destroyed mill, Ya.F. Pavlov sent a report: “The Germans knocked out, gained a foothold. I ask for reinforcements. Pavlov ". After that, his group held the house, which went down in the history of the Battle of Stalingrad as "Pavlov's House", for almost three days ...
On the third day, reinforcements arrived at the Pavlov House: a machine-gun platoon of the guard of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev. from the 3rd machine-gun company, a group of armor-piercing and submachine gunners. The garrison of the house increased to 24 people. The guardsmen, with the help of sappers, improved the defense of the house, having mined all the approaches to it, dug a small trench, through which they kept in touch with the command, and delivered food and ammunition. Later, a field telephone (call sign "Mayak") was installed in the basement of the house. The house has become an impregnable fortress! The heroic defense of the "Pavlov House" continued until the day the grouping of German fascist troops was liquidated in the Stalingrad region.
For 58 days (from September 27, 1942 to February 2, 1943), the legendary garrison of Soviet soldiers-guards, representatives of six nationalities of the peoples of the Soviet Union, held the Pavlov House and did not give it to the enemy. And when the Nazis nevertheless managed to destroy one of the walls of the house-fortress, the soldiers jokingly answered: “We have three more walls. A house is like a house, only with a little ventilation. "
Have by the kaz of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 27, 1945 to the senior sergeant Pavlova Yakov Fedotovich awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 6775).
In 1946, the brave soldier-guardsman was demobilized. He graduated from the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the CPSU, worked in the national economy.
Died on September 29, 1981. He was buried in the city of Novgorod (now Veliky Novgorod) at the Western cemetery.
He was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, two Orders of the Red Star, and medals. By the decision of the Volgograd City Council of People's Deputies of May 7, 1980 "for the special merits shown in the defense of the city and the defeat of the Nazi troops in the Battle of Stalingrad" Ya.F. Pavlov was awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd."
The name of the Hero of the Soviet Union Yakov Pavlov was assigned to the boarding school for orphans and children left without parental care in the city of Veliky Novgorod and the vessel of the Ministry of Fisheries. In Novgorod, on the house where the Hero lived, a memorial plaque was installed.
Know Soviet people that you are the descendants of fearless warriors!
Know, Soviet people, that the blood flows in you great heroes,
Those who gave their lives for the Motherland, without thinking about the benefits!
Know and honor Soviet people the exploits of grandfathers and fathers!
The inconspicuous house of pre-war Stalingrad, which was destined to become one of the symbols of fortitude, heroism, and military feat - Pavlov's house.
“… On September 26, a group of scouts of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment under the command of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov and a platoon of Lieutenant N.Ye. Zabolotny of the 13th Guards Rifle Division took up defensive positions in 2 residential buildings on 9 January Square. Subsequently, these houses went down in the history of the Battle of Stalingrad as "Pavlov's house" and "Zabolotny's house" ... ".
During the days of the Battle of Stalingrad, the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of Colonel I.P. Elina.
The commander of the 3rd battalion, Captain A.E. Zhukov was ordered to carry out an operation to seize two residential buildings. For this, two groups were created under the command of Sergeant Pavlov and Lieutenant Zabolotny, who successfully coped with the task assigned to them.
The house, captured by the soldiers of Lieutenant Zabolotny, could not withstand the onslaught of the enemy - the advancing German invaders blew up the building together with the Soviet soldiers defending it.
Sergeant Pavlov's group managed to survive, they held out in the Regional Consumer Union House for three days, after which reinforcements under the command of Lieutenant Afanasyev arrived to their aid, delivering ammunition and weapons.
The building of the Regional Consumer Union became one of the most important strongholds in the defense system of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment and the entire 13th Guards Rifle Division….
Before the war, it was a 4-storey residential building for workers of the regional consumer union. It was considered one of the prestigious houses of Stalingrad: it was surrounded by the elite House of Signalers, the House of NKVD workers. Specialists from industrial enterprises and party workers lived in Pavlov's house. Pavlov's house was built in such a way that a straight, flat road led from it to the Volga. This fact played an important role during the Battle of Stalingrad.
In mid-September 1942, during the battles on the square on January 9, Pavlov's house became one of two four-story buildings, which it was decided to turn into strong points, since from here it was possible to observe and fire the part of the city occupied by the enemy to the west up to 1 km, and on north and south - even further. It was for this house that the most fierce battles unfolded.
September 22, 1942 a company of sergeant Yakov Pavlov approached the house and took a foothold in it - only four people remained alive at that time. Soon - on the third day - reinforcements arrived: a machine-gun platoon under the command of Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev, who, as a senior in rank, led the defense of the house. But, nevertheless, for the gunners, the house was named after the person who was the first to gain a foothold in it. So the house became Pavlov's house.
With the help of sappers, the defense of Pavlov's house was improved - the approaches to it were mined, a trench was dug to communicate with the command located in the Mill building, a telephone with the call sign "Mayak" was installed in the basement of the house. A garrison of 25 people held positions for 58 days, repelling endless attacks from significantly superior enemy forces. On Paulus's personal map, this house was marked as a fortress.
“A small group, defending one house, destroyed more enemy soldiers than the Nazis lost in the capture of Paris,” noted Army-62 Commander Vasily Chuikov.
Fighters of 10 nationalities defended Pavlov's house - Georgian Masiashvili and Ukrainian Lushchenko, Jew Litsman and Tatar Ramazanov, Abkhaz Sukba and Uzbek Turgunov. So Pavlov's House became a real stronghold of friendship between peoples during the Great Patriotic War. All the heroes were awarded government awards, and Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, who was wounded during the storming of the "milk house" and then sent to the hospital, was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
The second house on the 9 January square was occupied by a platoon of Lieutenant N. Ye. Zabolotny. But at the end of September 1942, German artillery completely destroyed this house, almost the entire platoon and Lieutenant Zabolotny himself died under its ruins.
Pavlov's House:
Defenders of Stalingrad near Pavlov's House
Zabolotny's House:
Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov:
From me.
I think it is important to filter the information from this video, throwing the historical lies aside.
TVC is a western broadcasting company operating in the Russian telecommunications space. As always, such structures, telling about the exploits of our grandfathers and grandmothers during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, will definitely add a spoon "Psychological tar" to the historical "A barrel of honey" heroic battles of the Red Army for our great Soviet Motherland.
Remember that any information, even a heroic deed, emotionally negatively colored, leaves a negative impression on a person.
Thus, our psychological enemy gradually convinces us that "The nazis were people too" and it is not important for them that they considered themselves superhuman and us subhuman, with all the ensuing consequences. and for them it is not important that the history of the atrocities of the soldiers of the Red Army is not known, but the atrocities of the Nazis are known to all mankind and presented to the Nuremberg court. Some say that "If we were captured by Hitler, we would now drink Bavarian beer and eat Bavarian sausages", and it doesn't matter to them that only Belarusians were killed by the Hitlerites every fourth that exists, which provides for the disposal (extermination) of excess Slavs and the conversion of the survivors into slaves, "Stalin is as much a tyrant and murderer as Hitler", but they do not care that Stalin defended a multinational Soviet people from destruction and enslavement, and it was Hitler who invaded the territory of the USSR destroying cities, villages, Soviet citizens ... And does anyone know such a case that a Nazi soldier or officer shouting “For Germany! For Hitler! " rushed to the embrasure of the Soviet bunker, covering his body with a machine gun spewing deadly fire in order to save his colleagues and complete a combat mission? When will we stop believing the lies of Western experts in Psychological Warfare and learn to define a "spoonful of psychological tar" in our historical heroic "barrel of honey"?
After the war, the area where the Pavlov's House, was named the Defense Square. A semicircular colonnade by architect I.E. Fialko was built near Pavlov's house. It was planned to build a monument to the soldier of Stalingrad in front of the house, but the memory of the soldier's feat was immortalized. In 1965, according to the project of sculptors P.L. Malkova and A.V. Golovanov, a memorial wall-monument was erected on the end wall of the house from the side of the square in honor of the military feat of the defenders of Stalingrad. The inscription on it reads:
“This house at the end of September 1942 was occupied by Sergeant Pavlov Ya. F. and his comrades A. P. Aleksandrov, V. S. Glushchenko, N. Ya. Chernogolov. During September-November 1942, the house was heroically defended by soldiers 3 1st battalion of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Order of Lenin Rifle Division: Aleksandrov A.P., Afanasyev I.F., Bondarenko M.S., Voronov I.V., Glushchenko V.S., Gridin T. I., Dovzhenko P.I., Ivashchenko A.I., Kiselev V.M., Mosiashvili N.G., Murzaev T., Pavlov Ya.F., Ramazanov F. 3., Saraev V.K., Svirin I. T., Sobgaida A. A., Torgunov K., Turdyev M., Khait I. Ya., Chernogolov N. Ya., Chernyschenko A. N., Shapovalov A. E., Yakimenko G. I. "
Defenders of the Pavlov House:
Data on the number of defenders range from 24 to 31. (About 50 people once claimed the name of the Unknown Soldier who defended the House of Soldiers' Glory.) There were also more than thirty civilians in the basements, some were seriously injured as a result of the fires that broke out. after the attacks of German artillery and bombing. The Pavlov house was defended by military personnel of different nationalities:
№ FULL NAME. Rank/ position
Armament Nationality 1 reconnaissance group
Fedotovich
sergeant
part-commandergun- Russian 2 reconnaissance group
Glushchenko Sergeevich
corporal
manual Ukrainian 3 reconnaissance group
Alexandrov Alexander P.
Red Army soldier
manual Russian 4 reconnaissance group
Chernogolov Yakovlevich
Red Army soldier
manual Russian 5 commander
garrison
Afanasiev Filippovich
lieutenant
garrison commanderheavy Russian 6 branch
mortars
Chernyshenko Nikiforovich
junior lieutenant
mortar squad leadermortar Russian 7 branch
mortars
Gridin Terenty
Illarionovich
mortar Russian 8 machine gun
senior sergeant
Voronova I.V.
Voronov Vasilevich
Art. sergeant
machine gun crew commandermachine gun Russian 9 machine gun
senior sergeant
Voronova I.V.
Hight Yakovlevich
gun- Jew 10 machine gun
senior sergeant
Voronova I.V.
Ivaschenko Ivanovich
heavy Ukrainian 11 machine gun
senior sergeant
Voronova I.V.
Svirin Timofeevich
Red Army soldier
manual Russian 12 machine gun
senior sergeant
Voronova I.V.
Bondarenko Red Army soldier
manual Russian 13 machine gun
senior sergeant
Voronova I.V.
Dovzhenko Red Army soldier
heavy Ukrainian 14 branch
armor-piercing
Sobgaida Art. sergeant
armor-piercing squad leaderPTR Ukrainian 15 branch
armor-piercing
Ramazanov Faizrahman
Zulbukarovich
corporal
PTR Tatar 16 branch
armor-piercing
Yakimenko Gregory
Ivanovich
Red Army soldier
PTR Ukrainian 17 branch
armor-piercing
Murzaev Red Army soldier
PTR Kazakh 18 branch
armor-piercing
Turdyev Red Army soldier
PTR Tajik 19 branch
armor-piercing
Turgunov Kamolzhon
Red Army soldier
PTR Uzbek 20 submachine gunner
Kiselev Red Army soldier
gun- Russian 21 submachine gunner
Mosiashvili Red Army soldier
gun- Georgian 22 submachine gunner
Saraev Red Army soldier
gun- Russian 23 submachine gunner
Shapovalov Egorovich
Red Army soldier
gun- Russian 24 Khokholov Badmaevich
Red Army soldier
sniperrifle Kalmyk Among the defenders of the garrison, who were not constantly in the building, but only periodically, it is worth noting the sergeant's sniper Chekhov Anatoly Ivanovich and medical instructor Ulyanova Maria Stepanovna, which took up arms during the German attacks.
In the memoirs of A.S. Chuyanov, they also appear in the defenders of the house: Stepanoshvili (Georgian), Sukba (Abkhazian). In his book, the spelling of some surnames is also different: Sabgaida (Ukrainian), Murzuev (Kazakh).springs -1 springs -2
Rodimtsev with the heroic garrison "Pavlov's House".
Yakov Fedotovich Pavlov(October 4, 1917 - September 28, 1981) - the hero of the Battle of Stalingrad, the commander of a group of fighters, which in the fall of 1942 defended a four-story residential building on Lenin Square (Pavlov's house) in the center of Stalingrad. This house and its defenders have become a symbol of the heroic defense of the city on the Volga. Hero of the Soviet Union (1945).
Yakov Pavlov was born in the village of Krestovaya, finished elementary school, worked in agriculture. In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. He met the Great Patriotic War in combat units in the Kovel region, as part of the troops of the South-Western Front.
In 1942, Pavlov was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Division of General A.I. Rodimtseva. He took part in defensive battles on the outskirts of Stalingrad. In July-August 1942, senior sergeant Ya.F. Pavlov was reorganized in the city of Kamyshin, where he was appointed commander of the machine-gun section of the 7th company. In September 1942 - in the battles for Stalingrad, carried out reconnaissance missions.
In the evening of September 27, 1942, Pavlov received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-storey building overlooking the central square of Stalingrad - the 9th January square. This building occupied an important tactical position. With three soldiers (Chernogolov, Glushchenko and Aleksandrov), he knocked the Germans out of the building and completely captured it. Soon the group received reinforcements, ammunition and telephone communications. Together with the platoon of Lieutenant I. Afanasyev, the number of defenders increased to 26 people. It took a long time to dig a trench and evacuate civilians hiding in the basements of the house.
The Germans constantly attacked the building with artillery and aerial bombs. But Pavlov avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga.
On November 19, 1942, the troops of the Stalingrad Front launched a counteroffensive. On November 25, during the attack, Pavlov was wounded in the leg, lay in the hospital, then was a gunner and commander of the reconnaissance department in the artillery units of the 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian fronts, in which he reached Stettin. He was awarded two Orders of the Red Star and many medals.
June 17, 1945 to junior lieutenant Yakov Pavlov was assigned the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (medal number 6775)... Pavlov was demobilized from the ranks of the Soviet Army in August 1946.
After demobilization, he worked in the city of Valdai, Novgorod Region, was the third secretary of the district committee, graduated from the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the CPSU. Three times he was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR from the Novgorod region. After the war, he was also awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution.
He repeatedly visited Stalingrad (now Volgograd), met with residents of the city who survived the war and restored it from the ruins. In 1980, Ya. F. Pavlov was awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd."
In Veliky Novgorod, in a boarding school named after him for orphans and children left without parental care, there is a Pavlov Museum (Derevyanitsy microdistrict, Beregovaya Street, 44).
Ya.F. Pavlov was buried in the Alley of Heroes of the Western Cemetery of Veliky Novgorod.
Glushchenko Vasily Sergeevich, corporal, member of the reconnaissance group that seized the Pavlov House.
At the end of October 1942, the squad of Sergeant Yakov Pavlov was ordered to knock out the enemy who had settled there from the four-story House of Specialists and hold the object until reinforcements arrived. There was a daring fight with a clearly outnumbered enemy. In a desperate onslaught and courage of a handful of Soviet fighters, the Nazis decided that a large unit would attack them. But the attackers were nothing at all: Sergeant Pavlov, privates Aleksandrov, Chernogolov and the Stavropol collective farmer, infantryman Vasily Glushchenko. On the fourth or fifth day, a small reinforcement arrived, and the Pavlov House garrison, which held an unparalleled defense of only one building for 58 days, went down in history of the great battle on the Volga. They stood to death, the enemy did not manage to knock them out of the house-fortress.
After the war, Vasily Glushchenko settled with us in Maryinskaya. On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Victory, the Hero of the Soviet Union Yakov Pavlov himself came to the village to meet with him. Some of the old-timers still remember this. They remember how, straightening his mustache with a light movement, Vasily Sergeevich told:
“There were, however, rarely moments of calm. And then a sort of barking voice could be heard from their German hiding places:
"Rus, give up."
I give them all the strength in response:
“No gaps, fascist bastard! It's not just Russians. If I start to list them all, you will die if you do not listen. "
Indeed, the defenders of the Pavlov House included representatives of many nationalities. Together with the Russians, Ukrainians, Georgians, Uzbeks, Tajiks, Kazakhs, Jews, Tartars fought hand in hand. They were workers before the war, and in the war, in general, they remained essentially the same workers: they fought as they worked.
Until his death, Glushchenko kept a letter from Marshal Vasily Chuikov, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. The illustrious commander, years after the war, personally greeted and thanked the soldier:
“Dear Vasily Sergeevich, friend at the front, hero of the Stalingrad epic! Your feat is written in golden letters in history. HousePavlova, who you bravely defended all 58 days, remained an unsubdued fortress ... Thank you, soldier and comrade in arms. "
This year marks the 115th anniversary of the birth of Vasily Glushchenko. In honor of this date, a memorial evening was held at the Maryinsky House of Culture. The chairman of the Council of Veterans of the village, Lev Sokolov, told the audience, among whom there were many students of the village school, about the Battle of Stalingrad itself. And the history teacher and head of the stanitsa museum Alexander Yaroshenko introduced the biography of our heroic fellow countryman.The guests of the meeting saw the photographs of Vasily Glushchenko, including the front ones.
Ivan Filippovich Afanasiev(1916 - August 17, 1975) - lieutenant, veteran of the Great Patriotic War, participant in the Battle of Stalingrad. He headed the defense of the Pavlov House.
Born in the village of Voronezh, Ust-Labinsky District, Krasnodar Territory. Russian.
October 2, 1942, during street fighting in Stalingrad, lieutenant Ivan Filippovich Afanasiev He led the defense of one of the houses (five days before that, the house was occupied by the reconnaissance group of Sergeant Yakov Pavlov. Later, this house will become known as the Pavlov House. The defense of the house lasted 58 days.
Despite the continuous attacks of the Nazis and bombing from the air, the garrison at home held its object until the start of the general offensive of the Soviet troops.
November 4, 1942 Ivan Filippovich Afanasiev led his soldiers on the offensive across the square on January 9. By 11 o'clock, the guards captured one of the houses in the square, repelling four enemy attacks. In this battle, Lieutenant Afanasyev was wounded (with loss of hearing and speech) and was sent to the hospital. On January 17, 1943, in a battle for the factory part of the city, he was again wounded.
By order of the 13th Guards Regiment No.: 17 / n of: 22.02.1943, the commander of the machine-gun platoon of the 42nd Guards Regiment of the 13th Guards Regiment of the Guards Lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the Order of the Red Star for the fact that in the battles for Stalingrad near the village of Krasny Oktyabr, together with his platoon, he destroyed about 150 enemy soldiers and officers, destroying 18 soldiers with personal weapon fire, and blocked 4 dugouts, allowing the infantry to conduct a counterattack.
After the Battle of Stalingrad, he took part in the battles on the Oryol-Kursk Bulge, near Kiev, Berlin and ended the war in Prague.
By order of the 111th brigade number: 6 of: 07/23/1943, the commander of the bullet platoon of the rifle company of the 111th tank brigade of the guard, Lieutenant Afanasyev, was awarded the Order of the Red Star for the fact that, while repelling the enemy's counterattack, he destroyed his platoon with fire from heavy machine guns up to 3 enemy platoons, personally suppressing one enemy mortar from a machine gun.
By order of the 111th brigade №: 17 / n of: 01/15/1944, guard lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the Order of the Red Star for the fact that in the battle for the station of Chenovichi, with the fire of machine guns of his platoons, he destroyed up to 200 enemy soldiers and officers, while Afanasyev himself destroyed about 40 soldiers, replacing the wounded machine gunner.
By order of the 25th tank corps: 9 / n dated: 05/09/1944, the party organizer of the submachine gun battalion of the 111th brigade of the guards, Lieutenant Afanasyev, was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree for dedication and courage shown in the course of performing his direct duties as a party organizer directed to maintain the morale of the battalion soldiers.
By order of the 173 ATRB of the 25th Panzer Division, Senior Lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the medal "For the Liberation of Prague".
By order of the commander of the 25th Panzer Division, Senior Lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the medal "For the capture of Berlin."
By order of the 230th gas station of the 53rd Army of the 2nd Ukrainian Front No.: 3/1074 dated: 07.10.1946, Senior Lieutenant Afanasyev was awarded the medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."
As a result of a concussion received during the war in 1951, Ivan Afanasyev lost his sight, which was partially restored after operations.
Afanasyev settled in Stalingrad after the war. Despite his vision problems, he managed to write a memoir, as well as to correspond with other defenders of the Pavlov House.
10/15/1967, at the opening of the monument to the ensemble on the Mamayev Kurgan, together with Konstantin Nedorubov, he accompanied a torch with eternal flame from the Square of the Fallen Fighters to Mamayev Kurgan. And in 1970, together with Konstantin Nedorubov and Vasily Zaitsev, he laid a capsule with a message to descendants (which will be opened on May 9, 2045, on the day of the centenary of Victory).
Died Ivan Filippovich Afanasiev August 17, 1975, and was buried in the central cemetery of Volgograd. However, he indicated in his will that he would like to rest with other soldiers on the Mamayev Kurgan. In 2013, he was reburied at the memorial cemetery of the Mamayev Kurgan. A memorial plaque has been installed on his grave.
Alexey Chernyshenko participant in the defense of the Pavlov House and commanded the mortar squad.Junior Lieutenant Alexey Nikiforovich Chernyshenko was born and lived in the village of Shipunovo, Altai Territory, and from there in 1941 at the age of 18 he was drafted into the ranks of the Red Army and went to the front.
Alexei Nikiforovich Chernyshenko died in 1942 a heroic death in one of the battles for Stalingrad and was buried in a mass grave in the city of Stalingrad.
Sergeant Khait Idel Yakovlevich was born in the village of Khashchevatoe, Odessa region in 1914. Was called up to the ranks of the Red Army Gayvoronsky RVK. Red Army soldier, shooter, 273 joint venture, 270 rifle division.
Khait Idel Yakovlevich heroically died on 11/25/1942 on the last 58th day of the defense of "Pavlov's house" in Stalingrad.
Khait Idel Yakovlevich was buried in a mass grave near the Volga, not far from Gerhart's mill, located next to Pavlov's house in the city of Stalingrad.
Red Army soldier of the Red Army Ivan Timofeevich Svirin... The war tore Ivan Timofeevich away from his peaceful profession. Before the war, he worked on a collective farm with. Mikhailovka of the Kharabalinsky district. From there he went to the front. His wife and four children remained at home.
As it becomes clear from the documents, Ivan Timofeevich was a machine gunner in the garrison of "Pavlov's House". He, along with everyone, repulsed enemy attacks, went to the command post of a rifle company with combat reports, equipped positions for firing points, stood at the post. By age, Ivan Timofeevich was the oldest, then he was 42 years old. He had years behind him civil war... Often in between battles, he talked with newcomers, helped them understand a lot that was happening in the garrison.
In January 1943, he died in the battles for the workers' settlement "Red October". The Svirins' house keeps books about the heroes of the immortal garrison as a memory of her husband and father.
Sobgaida Andrey Alekseevich was born in 1914 in the village. Politotdelskoe, Nikolaev district, Stalingrad region. At the age of 27, he went to the front. Behind him was already several months of frontline life, he took part in the battles near Kharkov. He was wounded, was treated at the Kamyshin hospital. Soldier Sobgaida was given only two days to visit his family.
In the morning I was on my way. On the way to burning Stalingrad. There were battles here for every meter of land, for every house.
Sobgaida Andrey Alekseevich was one of the defenders of Pavlov's house. In one of the defensive positions, Andrei was wounded. Only he did not leave the garrison, he tried to help his comrades. Together with other soldiers, he dug trenches from home to mill. The last and most violent attack was repulsed in mid-November. The company commander Naumov was killed, many were wounded, including Pavlov. The offensive is ahead. Andrey Alekseevich Sobgaida died in one of the offensive battles.
Lance corporal, armor-piercer Ramazanov Faizrakhman Zulbukarovich, Born in 1906. Was born in Astrakhan.
Ramazanov Faizrakhman Zulbukarovich, a participant in the Battle of Stalingrad, including the defense of Pavlov's house, liberated Hungary and took Berlin.
He was seriously wounded, but to the evil of all deaths he survived. He was awarded the Order of Battle Glory, medals "For Stalingrad", "For Kharkov", "For Balaton" and other awards.
From Pavlov's House, one of the best snipers of the 13th Guards Sergeant fired at the enemy Anatoly Ivanovich Chekhov, who destroyed more than 200 Nazis.
General Rodimtsev, right on the front line, presented 19-year-old Anatoly Chekhov with the Order of the Red Banner.
The Nazis managed to destroy one of the walls of the house. To which the soldiers jokingly replied:
“We have three more walls. A house is like a house, only with a little ventilation. " sources
Gridin Terenty Illarionovich was born on May 15, 1910 in the village of Blizhneosinovsky, Second Don District of the Don Cossack Region.
In 1933 he graduated from the Nizhne-Chirsky Agricultural College. He worked as an agronomist.
Drafted to the Red Army on 03.24.1942. Kaganovicheskiy district military registration and enlistment office (now Surovikinsky) and was sent to the Astrakhan military school.After he was assigned to the 13th Guards Rifle Division.
After the Red Army men were secured in Pavlov's house, mortarmen arrived there with junior lieutenant A.N. Chernyshenko, among them T.I. Gridin.
The collection of the Surovikinsky Museum of History and Local Lore contains a copy of the book "House of Soldiers' Glory", on the title page of which the author made a donative inscription by his hand:
“To a fighting friend from the Stalingrad battles T.I. Gridin from the commander and author, May 9, 1971, Afanasyev. "
Terenty Illarionovich read the book with a pencil in his hands and emphasized the most vivid episodes, made notes in the margins. For example:
“I was in the house with the mortars at a time when the 8th company of the 3rd battalion was still in the building of the military organization” (p. 46)
“The explosion collapsed the entire western end wall of our House of Soldiers' Glory. At this time our company commander was standing in the basement window. With a strong explosion of a heavy projectile, I was concussed, hit me in the head with rubble and blew off the door to the basement ”(p. 54).
“We have witnessed how the building of the military organization turned into a heap of ruins. In the daytime there was an L-shaped house, and in the morning only smoke came out of the ruins ”(p. 57).
“The mortarmen were in the House at the head of Senior Sergeant Gridin, and at that time the commander of a platoon of company mortars, Comrade Chernyshenko Alexei, a young Siberian who had just graduated from the 10th grade and the commanding school, was sent to us” (p. 60).
On December 2, 1942, T.I. Gridin was seriously wounded in his right arm and sent to the hospital. After being seriously wounded, he did not take part in hostilities.
After the war, Terenty Illarionovich lived in the town of Surovikino, Volgograd Region, worked at the plant protection station as an agronomist, kept up active correspondence with his comrades in arms, and came to the city of Volgograd to meet with fellow soldiers.
Died Gridin Terenty Illarionovich April 23, 1987, buried in the city of Surovikino.
Art. sergeant of the red army commander of the machine gun crew Voronov Ilya Vasilievich... The Stalingrad epic of the machine gunner Voronov began like this. After being seriously wounded on the Don bank in May 1942, Ilya Voronov, as best he could, fought off the doctors, who tried to send him to recuperate in the warm rear, away from the battles. In September, from the hospital evacuated to Astrakhan, half-treated soldiers, among whom was twenty-year-old Ilya, went to fight in the burning Stalingrad. Machine-gunners were worth their weight in gold, and even more so aces like Voronov, who treated thirty-kilogram "maxims" like toys.
Guard Sergeant Yakov Pavlov, who was instructed by the command of the 3rd battalion of the 42nd rifle regiment of the 13th Guards Division to hold the most important strategic object of access to the Volga - Pavlov's house, asked Voronov for help.
The peasant son Ilya Voronov - a height of about one meter ninety, pood fists - could choose the best position for his machine gun to attack, and the most inconspicuous place to dig in and wait out, if the combat situation required it. He was not only the commander of a machine-gun crew, an assistant platoon commander, but also a real ringleader. Voronov learned his machine gunners the song "Forward, we are dashing Stalinists" and was himself a lead singer.
“Yasha, if it’s difficult, I’m at the mill,” he said to Pavlov before going into the house.
At this time, Voronov's machine gun was working at the very mill that still stands in Volgograd as a destroyed reminder of the Battle of Stalingrad.
“Send me Voronov,” Pavlov begged and demanded from his command.
And in the end, the battalion commander summoned Voronov and ordered:
"You are going to Pavlov's house."
“At first I didn't understand: what house? - Ilya Vasilievich recalls.
- This house was then officially called the House of Specialists. It turns out that the messenger is "to blame". Yasha told him:
"Tell Voronov to come to Pavlov's house."
And the messenger to the commanders said:
"To Pavlov's House". And so it has gone on since then. "
"Well, now we can fight," Pavlov hugged the finally arrived Voronov.
Few people know that when the house was in the hands of the Nazis, 34 civilians remained in it and drank in full grief.
Having seized the house, the Germans mocked people: they beat old people, raped women. And when Sergeant Pavlov and his comrades kicked out the invaders, they told him so:
"If you leave us here, we will not forgive you."
After such words, they could not leave this house! This is tantamount to betrayal. How then to look into the eyes of children who have become almost family. One of the elders, ten-year-old Vanya, brought cartridges, water, helped to bandage the soldiers.
And one day Voronov entered one of the rooms, and there a naked woman sits and wraps her baby in her dress.
Why naked? Why are you embarrassing my fighters? " - machine gunner Ilya Voronov was surprised.
“I have nothing to swaddle with a child,” the woman replied. “Get dressed, I will now,” the machine gunner replied.
And he brought the woman new removable footcloths for the diapers.
After many, many years, that child turned, according to Ilya Vasilyevich, into a beautiful woman. She set the table and met the defenders of the Pavlov House in her Volgograd apartment. She knew perfectly well that she was alive because machine gunner Voronov, sergeants Pavlov and Ramazanov, private Glushchenko gave her mother their rations, and they themselves climbed to the wheat warehouse located between the house and the mill. There were problems with food and ammunition: the command would send 10 - 12 boats, but two or three would arrive. So the soldiers were chewing on the wheat they got under fire. For water we made our way to the Volga, overflowing with oil from tanks bombed by the Nazis. Then the water was filtered through rags and footcloths six times. And she still smelled of kerosene. We drank ourselves, and cleared for the machine gun.
What the Nazis did not do to take this house: they fired at it from machine guns, bombed it with planes, and threw grenades at it. And ours rose as if from the ashes: "patched" the broken windows and doorways with bags of earth - and answered. We did not sleep for several days - and therefore the Nazis lost count. It seemed to them that the house was not a wounded platoon, but almost a regiment.
The moment came when the Nazis could not stand it. "Hey, rus, how many of you are there?" - came from a fascist loudspeaker, which was installed a few meters from Pavlov's house.
"A full battalion and a supplement," answered the Pavlovites.
When the general offensive began, five survived in the dilapidated house.
They lasted 58 days! What are the components of heroism? Sergeant Voronov knows them. Here's a simple Russian girl, the Nazis shot in the arm and sent to ours for information on the location of the units, and took her mother hostage. Heroism consisted of fearlessness: when you leaned out of the house almost to the waist and poured fire on the fascists, took revenge for breaking a fragile Russian girl, forcing at the age of ten to choose: life or homeland, mother or soldiers-liberators.
This is how the defense of “Pavlov's House” ended for Voronov.
“Once, during a battle in the center of the city, an enemy grenade fell at my feet,” the veteran said. “I quickly threw it back, but another exploded, and I was wounded in the face and stomach. I did not feel pain and continued to fight, wiping off the blood that flooded my eyes. During the next counterattack of the enemy, I was again wounded, but I was in such an evil excitement that, even when I ran out of cartridges, I pulled out the rings from the grenades with my teeth and threw them towards the Fritzes. When the nurse crawled up, while bandaging, she counted more than twenty shrapnel and machine-gun wounds on the body.
I spent 15 and a half months in hospital beds, underwent dozens of operations. He returned to his native village of Glinka in 1944, and his mother and sisters live in a dugout. The heart seemed to be clamped with ticks: it was necessary to rebuild the village, build a house for the family, and he was on one leg. Harnessed. He worked as a storekeeper, head of a milk farm, a security guard at a grain flow, so much so that others could not keep up on two legs. I did not give anyone a descent.
After the war, Ilya Vasilyevich cried only once, in the eighty-first. From Nizhny came a telegram from Pavlov's son:
"Dad is dead".
Natalya Alexandrovna is the daughter of the legendary commander of the 13th Guards Rifle Division A.I. Rodimtseva - in her book about the war and about her father she wrote about the Russian soldier Ilya Voronov:
"This man is a diamond of the highest standard."
For three years now he has not traveled to the city on the Volga. I was younger - I went there every year. I sat at the same table with Marshal Chuikov, and he repeated:
"If it were not for you, the defenders of the house, it is still unknown how the war would have turned."
Afanasyev I.F., Voronov I.V., Ulyanova M.S.
LADYCHENKO (ULYANOVA) Maria Stepanovna "Chizhik".
"V From the first to the last day, Masha, an affectionate and skillful nurse, was part of our garrison for 58 days of the defense of the Pavlov House. And if the enemy was advancing? .. Masha took a machine gun and grenades, stood by, fought and shouted:
"Beat the nasty guys, the fascist - the enemy!"
L. I. SAVELIEV. "PAVLOV'S HOUSE". A story-story about Soldier's glory:
“… The Nazis have begun another“ concert ”and now everyone is at the firing points. There and Naumov, who brought the artillerymen to the house ... the medical instructor Chizhik - komrots, prudently took her with him when he equipped the expedition for the gun ... everyone was sure that when needed, Chizhik would definitely be there ... Chizhik hurried - medical instructor Marusya Ulyanova, who provided Dronov with the first help. ... But most of the guests-fellow soldiers were at the platoon commander Ivan Filippovich Afanasyev, ... and Maria Stepanovna Ulyanova-Ladychenko - she also lives in Volgograd. For her front-line friends, she remained like that: MARUSYA - CHIZHIK ”. (S. 136-138, 144, 206).
STALINGRAD. 1942-1943. The battle of Stalingrad in the documents ”. Moscow. 1995. P. 412. Collections of the All-Russian State Medical University, folder No. 198, inv. No. 9846, original:
“FROM THE POLITICAL REPORT OF THE 62nd ARMY ON THE INCLUSION OF ARMED WORKING UNITS OF THE STALINGRAD PLANTS IN THE ARMY.
... Ulyanova Maria Stepanovna, an employee of the Krasny Oktyabr plant, is considered in the 42nd joint venture of the 13th Guards. with the best nurse. Under any fire, she performs her duties in cold blood. She was recently awarded the Medal of Courage. ...
The head of the political department of the 62nd army, brigade commissar Vasiliev. TsAMO, f. 48, op. 486, d.35, l. 319a-321. (S. 321-323. KP).
Ulyanova Maria Stepanovna: Medal for Courage fund 33 inventory 686044 file 1200 p. 2 I am sending a piece of the award order:
"fourteen. Medical instructor of the 3rd rifle battalion of the Guards of the Red Army, Maria Stepanovna ULYANOV, for taking 15 wounded soldiers and commanders and 15 rifles from the battlefield in the battles for Stalingrad from November 22 to 26, 1942 and providing first aid to 20 wounded commanders and soldiers. Born in 1919, Russian member of the Komsomol, in the Patriotic War since December 1941, has 2 wounds, in the spacecraft since 1941 ..., has no awards ... ".
Volgograd Regional Committee of the CPSU, Institute Military History USSR Ministry of Defense. "THE HISTORICAL FEAT OF STALINGRAD". Moscow. 1985.S. 219:
"In the legendary house of Sergeant Ya. F. Pavlov, TOGETHER WITH HIS DEFENDERS FROM THE BEGINNING TO THE END OF THE FIGHTS WAS MARIA ULYANOVA, who provided medical assistance to many soldiers."
In the Museum of the HISTORY OF KIROVSKY DISTRICT there is a record about a participant in the Great Patriotic War and the Battle of Stalingrad, a participant in the battles of the legendary garrison of the House of Soldiers' Glory ("Pavlov's House") LADYCHENKO (ULYANOVA) Maria Stepanovna:
“Ulyanova had three combat medals:
- "For Courage";
- "For the Defense of Stalingrad";
- "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."
Combat path Gary Badmaevich Khokholov began in 1941. 1941 - when the war began, Garia worked at a fish cannery:
“... I had armor, and all my comrades went to the front. Well, I think everyone is at war, and I will catch carp?
I did not have time to leave Kalmykia yet, they turned me back - I did not fit for health reasons. On the second attempt, I still broke through to the front, ”the veteran later recalled.
IN 1
942, as an 18-year-old boy, Gary goes to the army. He falls into the training battalion of the 139th rifle division, located in the Astrakhan region (Kharabali). I managed to study for a mortar operator for 1.5 months. Drop-out recruits are sent on a 5-day march (at night on foot) and young cadets-mortars find themselves on the left bank of the Volga.
Meanwhile, fierce battles are taking place in the very center of Stalingrad. For more than two months, the soldiers of the 42nd Regiment of the 13th Guards Division have been holding back the enemy's onslaught. The stone buildings - House of Sergeant Y. Pavlov, House of Lieutenant N. Zabolotny and Mill No. 4 - were turned into strongholds. "No step back!"- following the given order and the dictates of the soul, the guardsmen did not want to retreat.
The Pavlov House or, as many today call it, the House of Soldiers' Glory, had an advantageous, dominant position in this area (the territory occupied by the enemy was well shot). That is why the commander of the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment I.P. Yelin orders the commander of the 3rd rifle battalion, captain A.E. Zhukov capture the house and turn it into a stronghold. The soldiers of the 7th rifle company, commanded by senior lieutenant I.P. Naumov. At the end of September 1942, this house was seized by Sergeant J.F. Pavlov with his squad (3 soldiers).
At the same time:
“On September 20 we crossed the Volga ...” - the entry was made in pencil by the hand of G. Khokholov himself on 1 sheet of a Red Army book.
On the third day of Pavlov's stay there, reinforcement arrives at the House with his comrades: a machine-gun platoon of 7 people, headed by Lieutenant I.F. Afanasyev, a group of 6 armor-piercing men under the command of senior sergeant A.A. Sabgaydy, four mortarmen under the command of Lieutenant A.N. Chernushenko and three submachine gunners. The commander of the group was I.F. Afanasyev.
In the book "The Guardsmen Fought to the Death" General A.I. Rodimtsev recalls:
“As a joke, Afanasyev called his assault group an international brigade. If the machine gunners represented only three nationalities - Russians, Ukrainians and Uzbeks, then an even more complex national family was represented by the armored soldiers of A.A. Subguides ".
It was in this group that G. Khokholov was also listed.This is how Khokholov himself describes his appearance in the battalion.
“On the night of September 20, we took a barge to the burning city. And immediately into battle. Then they stopped. They took us to the basement of a house. The smokehouse was burning and in its light they wrote down by surname. I spoke Russian badly, but I still have a Red Army book with the personal signature of I.I. Naumov: 13th Guards Rifle Division, 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment, 3rd GSB, 7th Rifle Company, date - September 20, 1942. After a short clerical procedure, we were taken further - there were already bullets whistling, missiles flashing, the front line was felt ... There were about twenty of us. The platoon commander explained that almost the entire city is with the Germans, but we will stay in this house. "
From the memoirs of G. Khokholov:
“I remember the endless fascist attacks: German planes circled over the house, artillery, mortar and machine-gun shelling did not subside. The Germans stormed the house several times a day. For the rest of my life I have remembered the smell of burning, lime dust, corroding the eyes. And also the piercing autumn wind and burnt wheat, which he chewed to satisfy hunger. "
In the book by Alexander Samsonov "The Battle of Stalingrad" there are lines:
“Often the famous sniper of the division A.I. Chekhov fired well-aimed fire at the enemy from the attic. "
And Khokholov in his letter tells how exactly Chekhov taught him the art of sniper in a besieged house. The lessons, apparently, were not in vain. Proof of this is the entry in the book of the Red Army soldier, which is especially dear for a veteran:
"Awarded with the award badge" Excellent sniper ".
The date of delivery - November 7, 1942 - clearly indicates that for the first time Khokholov used his marksmanship skills, defending the house that later became famous.
In one of his last interviews, the veteran said:
“One day a company commander handed me a sniper rifle and ordered me to shoot at the gas tanks of enemy vehicles and drivers, but not to betray myself. He took up his post at the northwest side of the house. A second soldier was on duty at another observation post. I stretched the wire to him to keep the connection in this way. When one of us took a break, the other would take aim at the enemy. Some of us were to be killed. I am alive. Unfortunately, I don’t remember the name of that Ukrainian guy. ”
Brave Soviet soldiers held out for 58 days and nights. They left the building on November 24, when the regiment launched a counteroffensive.November 21-24 saw the bloodiest battles in the defense of Stalingrad.The morning of November 25 - an attack on the enemy. In battle, G. Khokholov was wounded, crawling to the shelter. At night, the wounded are carried out to the Volga to be transported to the other side. This is how he himself recalls it:
“The last battle took place early in the morning of November 25th. Komroty spent the night with us, explained the problem. He was the first to attack - jumped out the window and shouted:
"Follow me, forward!"
The Germans opened heavy mortar fire. A few steps from the house, a machine gun slashed me in the legs, and I fell like a sheaf. It was felt that a lot of our people were killed.
We, the wounded, were carried to the Volga. But the crossing did not work - there was broken ice along the river. Nobody bandaged us, I experienced terrible torment for five days. Thought it was the end. And only in the hospital EG-3638 in the city of Ershov, Saratov region, I believed in my salvation. "
After a hospital in the Saratov city of Ershov, Khokholov ended up in the 15th Airborne Division, in which he took part in the battles on the Kursk Bulge. In the terrible battles on the Kursk Bulge, 8 thousand people fought, of which 400 people remained alive. Garya Khokholov receives a second wound in these battles. A bomb explodes next to him - he receives severe injuries to both arms and legs. The unconscious soldier is sent by train to the Chita region, to the Trans-Baikal-Petrovsky hospital. And inIn 1943, after treatment with a certificate of the 2nd disability group on 2 crutches, he returned home to restore the post-war homeland.
Kamolzhon Turgunov was drafted to the front at the end of 1941, where he mastered the specialty of an anti-tank rifle gunner (armor-piercer). After the Battle of Stalingrad, he took part in the liberation of Ukraine, Belarus, Romania, Hungary.
I met the victory in German Magdeburg. Returning home with two wounds, he worked as a tractor driver in his native collective farm in the village of Bardankul, Turakurgan district, Namangan region, where he lived with his family - his wife and 16 children... A documentary film is dedicated to him in Uzbekistan "Long way home", filmed by the well-known cameraman and director Davran Salimov.
On March 17, 2015, the last defender of the Pavlov House, Kamolzhon Turgunov, passed away at the age of 92 in Namangan.sources
Pavlov's house has become a symbol of not only military, but also labor valor. It was with the restoration of this house - a Pavlov's House became the first house of the restored Stalingrad - the famous Cherkasov movement began to restore the city in free time from work. Women's team of builders A.M. Cherkasova restored Pavlov's house immediately after the end of the Battle of Stalingrad, in 1943-44 (the beginning of the restoration is considered June 9, 1943).
The Cherkasov movement rapidly expanded among the masses: by the end of 1943, more than 820 Cherkasov brigades worked in Stalingrad, in 1944 - 1192 brigades, in 1945 - 1227 brigades. The memorial wall-monument, opened on May 4, 1985 on the end wall of the house from the side of Sovetskaya Street, tells about this. Authors: architect V. E. Maslyaev and sculptor V. G. Fetisov. The inscription on the memorial wall reads:
"In this house, the feat of war and labor merged together.".sources
On November 29, 1943, at a conference in Tehran, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill presented Soviet leader Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin with a gift - the Sword of Stalingrad - a gift from the British people and personally from King George VI to the citizens of Stalingrad as a sign of admiration for their courage shown during the heroic defense of the city against the German -fascist invaders.
The commander of a group of fighters that defended a house in the center of Stalingrad in the fall of 1945.For courage and courage shown in battles, Pavlov was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, two Orders of the Red Star, and medals. Soon after the end of the war, Junior Lieutenant Pavlov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In August 1946, Pavlov was demobilized, and soon graduated from the Higher Party School under the Central Committee of the CPSU. In the postwar years he worked in the national economy.
Memory of Yakov Pavlov
The name of the Hero of the Soviet Union Yakov Pavlov was assigned to the boarding school for orphans and children left without parental care in the city of Veliky Novgorod and the ship of the Ministry of Fisheries.
In Novgorod, on the house where the hero lived, a memorial plaque was installed.
28.09.1981
Pavlov Yakov Fedotovich
War veteran
Hero of the Battle of Stalingrad
Yakov Pavlov was born on October 17, 1917 in the village of Krestovaya, Novgorod Region. After leaving school, he worked in agriculture for some time. In 1938 he was drafted into the Red Army. He met the Great Patriotic War in combat units in the Kovel region.
During the war, he took part in battles on the South-West, Stalingrad, 3rd Ukrainian and 2nd Belorussian fronts, was the commander of a machine-gun squad, gunner and commander of the reconnaissance squad with the rank of senior sergeant. In 1942, Yakov was sent to the 42nd Guards Rifle Regiment of the 13th Guards Division of General A.I. Rodimtseva.
Pavlov took part in defensive battles on the outskirts of Stalingrad, in addition, he performed reconnaissance missions. In the evening of September 27, 1942, Yakov Pavlov received a combat mission from the company commander, Lieutenant Naumov, to reconnoiter the situation in a 4-storey building in the city center, which had an important tactical position. This house went down in the history of the Battle of Stalingrad as "Pavlov's House".
Modern view of Pavlov's house from the side of Sovetskaya Street. With three soldiers, he managed to knock the Germans out of the building and completely capture it. Soon, the group received reinforcements, ammunition and a telephone line. The Nazis continuously attacked the building, trying to smash it with artillery and aerial bombs. Skillfully maneuvering the forces of a small "garrison", Pavlov avoided heavy losses and for almost two months did not allow the enemy to break through to the Volga.
