Eleonora Ryabkova
A cold fairy tale is a legend of Antarctica.
Target: To form ideas about the geographical location, climate, animals of Antarctica, repeat the structural features of birds, conduct an experiment proving the adaptability of animals to their habitat. Cultivate respect for nature. Expand and activate lexicon. Develop listening skills in children. The ability to know. To consolidate the ability of children to sculpt penguins by passing them characteristics: the shape of the torso, head, based on ideas and previously acquired knowledge. Develop attention, logical thinking, cognitive interest, interest in the result of their activities.
Preliminary work:
Examination of illustrations depicting the cold zones of the planet.
Reading books about Antarctica.
Event progress:
Guys today we will learn a lot of interesting things about the coldest place on earth.
I will tell you a fairy tale-legend about Antarctica. We will conduct an experiment and make a collective craft.
Sit comfortably and closer to each other so that it is warmer.
Quiet winter music plays. Winter night light included.
Fairy tale legend. Antarctica.
Thousands of years ago there was a small wonderful island near Antarctica. Fragrant flowers bloomed on it, beautiful birds flew, there was always a rainbow in the sky. And around the island in the ocean floated ice floes and icebergs. And then one day an ice floe nailed to the island, and a barrel lay on it. There was someone inside the barrel. The barrel rolled and squeaked on the ice floe.
Educator: Guys, let's see what's in there.
A game: development of fine motor skills "Find an object and guess."
Target. Develop tactile sensations, stimulate the development of sensory perception, activate active points. Massage of palms and fingertips.
Description of the game. An egg is hidden in a barrel with different types of cereals, and a penguin is hidden in the egg. Children find an egg, guess who is in the egg.
Educator: Guys, let's open the egg and see who hid there!
But first, I'll give you riddles.
1. I'm new from an egg, and I look like a chick.
What kind of bird is my mother?
Where can I find her?
I am not a goose or a peacock.
Guess me. (penguin).
2. Far in the very south,
Where only ice, frost and blizzards,
Without taking off the black tailcoat,
A fisherman jumps into the sea. (penguin).
Continuation…
Suddenly, an egg rolled out of the barrel, and a penguin hatched from the egg.
This is how a small inhabitant appeared on the island.
One day such a blizzard hit the island that everything on the island was swept up.
Breathing exercises:"Snowstorm".
Tasks: increase the volume of breathing, normalize its rhythm, develop a smooth, long, economical exhalation. Breathing exercises improve the activity of the respiratory muscles, enhance metabolic and recovery processes. In addition, breathing exercises allow you to develop a strong air stream, which is necessary for proper speech.
Descriptions of gymnastics: Weighs a mobile with snowflakes. Children stand in a circle and blow on snowflakes.
Continuation….
This winter flew over Antarctica, testing its possessions. Flying over the ocean, she saw an island of unprecedented beauty, where flowers bloomed, birds sang, and there was the most beautiful rainbow. Winter was outraged that her white bedspread suddenly appeared colored paint. She swept the whole island and took the rainbow.
Seeing that winter was taking away the rainbow, the little penguin flew after it. He tried to grab the rainbow with his beak, but he couldn't do it. On the third attempt, he caught the rainbow's tail, but then the winter blew on him, and he flew down into the ocean.
And winter cast a spell, "May the penguins lose their ability to fly and never be able to take to the skies." It will always be cold here and everything is covered with snow.
The ocean is covered in ice
Waves do not rage in it.
He is end to end
Like an icy desert
Kingdom of cold and darkness
Kingdom of Mother Winter.
Fizminutka:
White and black penguins.
Far visible on the ice floes.
Here they are walking together.
It is necessary for order.
Palms outstretched,
And they jumped a little.
Hands slightly raised
And they ran to the mat.
Continuation….
But then a bird fluttered out of the snowdrift, and trembling from the cold quietly said magic words: "Let the penguins not take off into the sky, but they will fly into the sea - to fish, to play in the water." And so that the penguin is not lonely, he will have many friends. They will not freeze, they will have a fur coat that does not get wet and will warm even in the most severe frost. And instead of a stolen rainbow, they will be pleased with a colored curtain.
Educator: Can you guys guess what this curtain is?
Even in summer the snow does not melt
The sun is not strong enough!
Sky rainbow colored
Dress up sometimes!
What is this miracle garment?
This is the northern lights.
Experience-experiment:"Warm coat for a penguin."
Target: stimulate children's interest in experimentation, independent understanding of ongoing processes. To educate the cognitive interest of children in the phenomena and objects around us. To teach children to independently draw conclusions based on the results of the experiment, based on previously received ideas and their own assumptions.
Description of the experimental experience: Dip cotton balls in oil and dip in water.
Continuation….
It all worked out that way.
Antarctica has become the coldest place on earth, so winter decided.
On the globe, Antarctica is marked in white, the color of snow, ice, cold. Now there are no flowers, and there are never warm days and rains. Only frosts are cracking, it is snowing, and blizzards are sweeping.
Antarctica, Antarctica! You are cold even in appearance
You are on a colored globe, an icy stain.
But our little penguin remained there, who made friends, as the bird promised.
Penguins play, fish and enjoy the Northern Lights.
So our fairy tale-legend came to an end.
Let's try to make this magical island. We blind the penguins and put them there.
GCD. Modeling.
Target: To acquaint children with plasticine and its properties. To form in children an interest in modeling.
Tasks: to consolidate children's knowledge about animals and birds of Antarctica, about penguins.
Develop imagination, creativity, memory. To teach children to sculpt a four-part penguin (head, body, two wings)
develop fine motor skills. Cultivate diligence, perseverance.
Quiet music is playing, the guys are sculpting penguins.
Conclusion:
We now know that penguins are birds and cannot fly. But they dive and swim well and do not freeze. They live in the northern latitudes, where there is a magical curtain "Northern Lights".
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Many people quite often confuse Antarctica and the Arctic. Geography experts will say that the Arctic is in the north, and Antarctica is in the south. Fans of Natinal Geographic will add that in the Arctic there are polar bears, and in Antarctica there are penguins, and these animals never intersect.
But most importantly, Antarctica is a huge continent larger than Australia in area! But apart from basic knowledge, what do we know about it?
WuzzUp enlightens 🙂
1. Antarctica is the largest desert in the world.
2. The coldest place on Earth is a high ridge in Antarctica, where the temperature was recorded at -93.2 ° C. 
3. Some areas of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (an ice-free part of Antarctica) have not had rain or snow for the past 2 million years. 
4. Antarctica is the only continent without reptiles. 
5. In Antarctica, there is a waterfall with water red as blood, which is explained by the presence of iron, which oxidizes when it comes into contact with air. 
6. There is only one ATM throughout Antarctica. 
7. About 80% of the reserves are in the ice sheet of Antarctica fresh water our planet. 
8. To go to work in Antarctica, every person needs to have their wisdom teeth and appendix removed. 
9. There are no polar bears in Antarctica (they are only in the Arctic), but there are a lot of penguins here. 
10. Antarctica is the only continent without a time zone. 
11. Antarctica is the coldest, windiest, highest and driest continent on the planet. 
12. Melting ice in Antarctica caused a slight change in gravity. 
13. There is a Chilean town in Antarctica with a school, hospital, hotel, post office, internet, TV and mobile phone network. 
14. The Antarctic ice sheet has been around for at least 40 million years. 
15. There are lakes in Antarctica that never freeze because of the heat coming from the bowels of the Earth. 
16. The highest temperature ever recorded in Antarctica was 14.5°C. 
17. Since 1994, the use of sled dogs has been banned on the continent. 
18. Mount Erebus in Antarctica is the southernmost active volcano on Earth. 
19. Once upon a time (more than 40 million years ago) Antarctica was as hot as California. 
20. There are seven Christian churches on the continent. 
21. Ants, whose colonies are distributed over almost the entire land surface of the planet, are absent in Antarctica (as well as in Iceland, Greenland and several remote islands). 
22. The territory of Antarctica is larger than Australia by about 5.8 million square kilometers. 
23. Most of Antarctica is covered with ice, about 1% of the land is free from ice cover. 
24. In 1977, Argentina sent a pregnant woman to Antarctica so that the Argentinean baby would become the first person born on this harsh mainland. 
25. In 2000, the largest iceberg with an area of 11,000 square kilometers broke away from Antarctica. More than Jamaica! 
26. The average ice thickness is about 1.6 km. 
27. Wind speed in some places in Antarctica can reach 320 km/h. 
A short message about Antarctica will help you prepare for the lesson and learn the features of this continent.
A short note about Antarctica
And in the extreme south of our planet is the continent of Antarctica, the name of which is formed using the prefix "ant", meaning the opposite, i.e. opposite the Arctic.
Antarctica is an uninhabitable continent. The area is 14.1 million km2, according to this parameter, this deserted continent has overtaken only Australia.
The south pole of the Earth is located in Antarctica, the temperature in winter drops below -70 °C, and in summer it does not rise above -25 °C. Strong winds and high dryness of the air complement the climatic picture. Therefore, even a small open fire quickly turns into a huge flame.
There is a large ozone hole above Antarctica. It was formed over the continent due to its climate. According to scientists, its size exceeds the area of the North American continent. Beyond the southern polar circle comes the polar night, but it lasts from April to August.
Discovery and study of Antarctica
The mainland was discovered by Russian explorers F. Bellingshausen and M. Lazarev. In 1820, on the schooners Vostok and Mirny, overcoming unimaginable difficulties, they reached the steep ice shores of Antarctica. For almost two years they explored the coastal area, mapping new islands. Thus began the study and development of this harsh region. It was continued by researchers from many countries.
There is no permanent population in this deserted icy desert, only scientists live and work at wintering stations. There are 42 stations operating there. The change on them lasts from 12 months to one and a half years.
Why are scientists studying Antarctica?
The polar regions of the Earth are called the kitchen of the weather. It is here that air currents are born that affect the weather of the entire planet.
Of great interest to science is the ice cover of Antarctica. It, covering almost its entire territory, rising to a height of more than 2.5 km. If all this ice melts, then the level of the world's oceans will rise by 60 m. In addition, the main reserves of fresh water are concentrated in it.
Subglacial lakes are of great scientific interest. The largest of them is Lake Vostok, located at a depth of about 4 km. Scientists managed to take ice samples from this lake. Groups of bacteria previously unknown to science were found in them.
Antarctica even has extinct and active volcanoes. According to scientists, this continent has reserves of coal, natural gas, oil and other raw materials.
Fauna and flora of Antarctica
Antarctica is often referred to as a biological desert. Only on some of its outskirts you can see mosses, lichens and mushrooms. Plankton quickly multiply in coastal waters to become food for whales, seals and fish.
Here you can meet the largest seals (sea elephants) and giant jellyfish weighing up to 150 kg.
Penguins walk on the ice, gulls, albatrosses fly in. Many of the representatives of flora and fauna are found only on this mainland, i.e. are endemic.
Who owns Antarctica?
Despite the climate of the continent, many countries claim its territory. In 1959, an international agreement was concluded, according to which Antarctica is considered an international territory. It can be used by any state only for scientific research for peaceful purposes. A special protocol banned until 2048 any extraction of useful resources from its bowels.
You can supplement an interesting message about Antarctica with interesting facts.
Antarctica was discovered much later than other continents, and Russian sailors were the first to sail to it, almost 200 years ago. Antarctica is translated literally from Greek as "the opposite of the Arctic". You can get there by plane or icebreaker-ship, which knows how to make its way through the ice.
Located Antarctica at the South Pole of the Earth. This continent is the realm of eternal cold. It is covered with a thick layer of ice. And the waters of the Indian and Pacific oceans splash around. In Antarctica, the climate is very cold, it can be cold up to minus 90 degrees.
I could live in Antarctica permanently, probably only The Snow Queen– she would have liked ice cliffs and snow-covered deserts. And here ordinary people it is hard enough in such conditions. Therefore, they come here for a very short time - on scientific expeditions: they explore the air and water, look for minerals - substances that help make life easier for a person. Interestingly, the most "summer" month here is February, so just at this time, scientists come here for their shifts.
Exploring such a harsh continent is not for the timid.
However, some living creatures and plants in Antarctica are quite comfortable. Tiny islands of land protruding from under the ice are covered with mosses and lichens, seals and elephant seals bask in the rookeries, penguins walk importantly among the snowy deserts. By the way, only in Antarctica are found emperor penguins, they differ from others in that they are much larger and taller than their counterparts.
Emperor penguins are native to Antarctica. It's amazing how they could adapt to life in such a cold.
At the end of the last century, Russian scientists discovered an ice-free lake under the ice in Antarctica and named it "East", it is the largest, in total there are more than 140 subglacial lakes.
In 2000, an iceberg broke away from the ice shelf, which is the largest iceberg that exists in our time, its area is 11,000 square meters. km., length 295 km., and width - 37 km., rises above sea level by 30 meters.
There are also active volcanoes on the continent. The most famous of them is Erebus, that is, "a volcano guarding the path to the South Pole."
This is what Erebus volcano looks like from a bird's eye view
Here is such a mysterious, snowy and impregnable Antarctica!
Antarctica is the fifth largest continent on our planet with an area of more than 14 million square kilometers and at the same time the least explored and mysterious of all seven continents. For many years, scientists have been wondering what is hidden under the ice of Antarctica, exploring the flora and fauna of the continent. In this topic, I will introduce you to the most interesting facts about Antarctica.
Do you know where it is on Earth? Of course, you will say that this is the Sahara desert, and you will be wrong. According to the definition, Antarctica is by all criteria a real desert, despite the fact that it is covered with a huge layer of ice - this ice has been on the continent for a very, very long time.
The largest one broke off the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica on March 20, 2000. Its area is 11,000 square kilometers, its length is 295 kilometers and its width is 37 kilometers. An iceberg goes 200 meters deep and rises 30 meters above sea level. Imagine the impressive size of this hulk ...
Have you heard of Icefish? These are the most cold-adapted creatures on the planet and the only white-blooded vertebrates. They are perfect at camouflaging themselves against the backdrop of glaciers due to their ghostly white color. These creatures live at temperatures from +2°C to -2°C for 5 million years (-2°C is the freezing point of sea water)
If you drill through the ice in Antarctica, you will end up with a long cylinder of ice that scientists call an ice core. Such ice cores are used by researchers in the study of Antarctica, allowing them to go back tens of thousands of years, providing valuable information about the Earth's climate throughout history. This way you can get water that was frozen at the time of Jesus Christ
The Antarctic ice sheet is made up of 29 million cubic kilometers of ice. If all the ice of Antarctica melted, it would cause an increase in sea level by 60-65 meters. But don't worry - under current conditions, it would take approximately 10,000 years.
Only 0.4 percent of Antarctica. The ice of Antarctica contains 90% of all ice on the planet and 60-70% of all fresh water in the world
During the fattening season in Antarctica, an adult blue whale eats approximately 4 million shrimp per day, which equates to 3,600 kg daily for 6 months.
Antarctica is the best place in the world to find meteorites. Dark meteorites are easily detected in the background white ice and snow and are not covered with vegetation. In some places, meteorites accumulate in large quantities due to ice flows.
At the beginning of winter, the sea begins to freeze over, expanding by about 100,000 square kilometers a day. Ultimately, this doubles the size of Antarctica. It's unbelievable how such a huge area forms and then disappears again year after year.
Approximately 0.03% of Antarctica is ice-free, this area is called the Dry Valleys. The humidity here is extremely low. In fact, this is the driest place on the planet. The conditions here are close to the conditions of Mars, because NASA astronauts often undergo training here. The Dry Valleys have not had rain for over 2 million years.
The most interesting fact is that approximately 200 million years ago Antarctica was one with South America, Africa, India, Australia, and New Zealand on a single large continent called Gondwana. There was no ice cover, the climate was warm, trees grew, and big animals lived. All the secrets of Gondwana today are under the deep ice cover of Antarctica, and it is not so easy to unravel them ...
Obviously, Antarctica is the largest, driest and coldest desert on the planet. However, every year many people who want to visit this continent come here as tourists. Do you also have a desire to visit here?