The child is getting ready for school. How to prepare a child for school - useful tips on how to prepare a child correctly and on time. Preparing for the school program with a teacher

School is one of the most important stages in a child's life. In order for the first training months not to turn into a string of stresses and experiences, the baby must be properly prepared for the start of classes.

Preparing for school is a serious and multifaceted process. Parents are obliged to approach it, fully aware of the responsibility, because the wrong methods in preparation can discourage preschoolers from learning for a long time.

In order not to make mistakes and help the child cope with the amount of knowledge, parents need to start preparing for school in advance, correctly distributing the load.

How to prepare your child for school

Some parents believe that it is possible to prepare a child for school in the summer, a couple of months before the start of school. Such an approach can provoke great stress for a preschooler, since such an emergency preparation will be accompanied by enormous loads and will not allow the child to rest before the start of the school year.

In order for home schooling to be not only effective, but also comfortable, it must be started long before school. From about three years old, a baby can be taught to count on his fingers, talk to him about environment etc. The learning process should be built in a playful way: this will arouse interest and allow you to keep the child's attention.

What should a future first grader know and be able to do?

In order for a child to feel comfortable at school and easily learn new knowledge, he must have a certain base. Opinions of teachers and parents regarding compulsory knowledge differ: someone believes that a minimum set will be enough; others, on the contrary, try as hard as possible to independently prepare the child for school, giving him maximum skills.

It should be noted that extremes are bad in both cases. Poor preparation will adversely affect the performance of a first-grader, and too serious loads will provoke stress.

So what should a child know and be able to do before school? On average, the list of skills should look like this:

• know your first and last name, be able to talk about yourself;
• know the names of all family members, be able to briefly talk about their hobbies;
• know letters, distinguish vowels from consonants;
• be able to read simple texts;
• write in capital letters;
• know the days of the week, months and seasons;
• be able to navigate the time of day;
• be able to count up to twenty (including in reverse order);
• know the rules of addition and subtraction;
• identify geometric shapes.

In addition to basic knowledge, a preschooler must master the basic skills of behavior in public places and know the rules of etiquette. Also, the child must be able to independently dress, put on shoes and monitor the cleanliness of his workplace.

How is it right to give a preschooler all this amount of knowledge? To begin with, you need to draw up a rough plan of the subjects that the child needs to get acquainted with.

The minimum list would look like this:

• counting and the basics of arithmetic;
• letter;
• reading;
• creation;
• natural history.

Counting and the basics of arithmetic

Counting is the foundation of mathematics. Usually, children begin to learn numbers from a very early age, counting rings on a pyramid, toys, sweets and other items. By the age of 5-6, the child must learn not only to list the numbers, but also to understand their meaning.

The child must be well versed in numerical series and be able to continue it from any place and in any direction. In addition, the child needs to be taught to compare numbers. Knowledge of the concepts of "more" and "less" is the basis for the successful development of further arithmetic knowledge.

After the child is well accustomed to numbers, he should be taught elementary mathematical operations. You can start learning to count on your fingers, and then move on to solving examples in your head.

Also, the child needs to get acquainted with the basic geometric shapes: a circle, a square and a triangle. The drawn figures can be colored, thus combining math lessons and creativity.

Reading and writing

Learning letters is impossible without reading. In fact, the ability to read is a basic skill, without which it is difficult to teach any other subject. It is best to start learning to read with the letters of the baby's name and the basic words "mom", "dad", etc. From the studied letters, then it will be possible to learn to compose words and read them syllable by syllable.

It should be noted that many teachers recommend to start teaching the child not letters, but sounds. The fact is that sometimes children have difficulty reading words, because they pronounce the letters separately. Thus, the word "mother" sounds like "uh-uh-ah" to children.

If you first explain to the child how the letters in words should sound and teach the child to read by syllables, then the baby will not have any problems with reading.

Learning to read always goes hand in hand with writing. First of all, the child needs to be taught how to hold a pen or pencil correctly. You can start writing with the basic words used in teaching reading. To begin with, the child should be taught to write in block letters - this will allow him to focus on the image of the letters in the alphabet. Capital letters are best mastered with the help of copybooks.

The main thing at the initial stage is not to scold the child for the quality of handwriting and spelling mistakes. Preschool doesn't have to be tough, as your job is to provide a basic understanding of the letters and basics of writing.

creative pursuits

Usually, creative activities with children begin long before the age of five, so at this age the baby should be able to confidently use felt-tip pens, paints and pencils. The child should be taught to sculpt various geometric shapes, animals, vegetables and fruits from plasticine. Creating flower arrangements, appliqués and other crafts will allow you to form abstract thinking.

Creative activities should be interesting for the child. Try to draw or mold his favorite characters, give him the opportunity to choose materials and colors on his own, and, most importantly, never scold a child for failure. Participate in the creation of crafts with your child, involve other family members in this, and help him hone his skills.

Natural history and natural science

By the beginning of schooling, a child should be able to distinguish between days of the week, months and seasons, know his hometown, country and its capital. Also, the child should be taught to distinguish between birds, fish and animals, shrubs and trees, fruits and vegetables. The kid should know about a variety of natural phenomena: thunder, lightning, rain, hurricane, etc.

Teaching a child natural science is not difficult at all: discuss everything that you see around with your child, study encyclopedias together, watch interesting educational videos about nature on the Internet. Do not get tired of giving the child answers to all his many questions and natural history will not cause him any difficulties at school.

A little reminder for parents of preschoolers

Parents of future students should remember that the main goal of homework is to prepare the preschooler for the beginning of the school year and increase interest in knowledge, and not cause him stress and unwillingness to learn. Here are some tips for parents to help prepare their child for school, avoiding worries and nervous breakdowns:

The child should not be scolded for doing the tasks incorrectly. Of course, it is necessary to point out mistakes, but to punish for them - in no case.

In order to teach your child to discipline, equip him with a study place and study with him there. Lessons should not be too long - 15-25 minutes will be enough.

During impromptu lessons, you should not try to talk about everything you know. Homework should be as specific as possible. If necessary, make a plan and try to stick to it.

Preparatory programs for children should be varied and interesting. Be creative with your lesson plan and try to keep your child entertained.

Don't be afraid to study on your own. Remember: if you do not know how to do something, then you have no right to demand it from the child. Modeling from plasticine was not given to you at school? It's time to correct this shortcoming and learn to create with your child. Thus, you will show the baby by your example that you can learn almost everything.

Don't forget that the key to homeschooling is patience. Learn together with your child, come up with interesting games, and your child will perfectly get used to the school environment!

Photo instruction on how to prepare a child for school

Most school psychologists put forward four criteria for readiness to learn:

• Personal - developed if the educational institution attracts not only the opportunity to see friends every day, new beautiful notebooks and pens, but also the desire to learn something new, to become smarter.
• Intellectual is both competent, coherent speech, and the ability to listen to a teacher, and the presence of certain knowledge and horizons.
• Socio-psychological - includes the ability to communicate, the ability to focus on the lesson.
• Physiological - the absence of developmental disabilities, physical health and psychological stability.

Children who attend kindergarten have an easier time going through the first time of study than those at home. This is due to the fact that from the age of three and a half, educators begin to teach them basic things, and by the first grade, kindergarteners have a certain amount of knowledge.

If parents are engaged with the future student on their own, there is nothing to worry about. The gradual development of the skills necessary for learning at the initial stage will allow your son or daughter not only to feel confident among other children, but also help to develop an interest in learning.

Tips on how to prepare your child for school

The tasks offered by the school psychologist during the consultation will help to understand at what level of development the child is. This is a mandatory stage, for the successful completion of which you need to deal with the child for a long time.

Learning activities

Moms and dads should remember: your baby may not be able to do something. Do not load the young head too much. The school is designed to tell the child about a huge number of things, broaden his horizons, teach him to live and work in a team.

However, there is a set of basic knowledge that a first grader must possess:

• Full names, own and parents.
• Address. Country, city, street and house in which he lives.
• Famous plants, animals and birds. The kid must distinguish between popular plants and animals, distinguish a cactus from a camomile, a fox from a tiger. A person who checks readiness for school may ask if there are pets at home, ask to talk about a cat, dog, parrot. He can also find out which animal or plant the examinee likes the most, ask why.
• Time. It is desirable that the first grader knows how to handle the clock. The main thing is that he distinguishes day from night, evening from morning. One of the options for the task: "Arrange the pictures in the correct order." Most often, they depict the mode of the day.
• Geometric figures. Before entering school, most children know how to cut a circle, a triangle, a square. In addition, they are required to correlate objects in shape: the roof of the house looks like a triangle, and the house itself looks like a square.
• Colors. Boys and girls in preschool age teach not only the basic shades, but the number of colors in the rainbow, the order of their arrangement. Parents need to teach their child to draw elementary pictures, to choose the right colors for the image: the sun is yellow, the grass is green, and the bunny is white.
• Numbers. It is not necessary to teach the rules of subtraction and addition, this will be done by the teacher. Learn to count from 1 to 20 and vice versa.
• Seasons, months, days of the week. In preparation, children should not only name them, but also know the number, and arrange them in the correct order.
• Popular holidays. The psychologist may ask which one is the favorite. The kid must answer and tell why he chose this option.
• The structure of the human body. Drawing a person is a frequent task when entering school.
• Distinguish between living and non-living.

• Elementary rules of the road: "You must not cross the road on red", "You must not cross the railroad tracks." In a playful way, a school worker can test this knowledge. For example, specifying who is right, a bunny that is waiting for a green one or a squirrel that runs in front of a moving car.
• Reading in syllables. If your child does not know how to read, it is not scary - they will teach you at school. However, this skill will greatly facilitate his learning in the future, and all other subjects will be given easier.
• Retelling. The development of speech skills is one of the main tasks when entering the first grade. At the beginning of the school year, the child must understand the meaning short stories, build sentences in a logical chain.
• Memory. Several pictures are placed in front of the preschooler, he looks at them for a while, then they are turned over. The more details he remembers, the better. It is necessary to reproduce the plot and tell what is depicted there.

School psychologists often give the task of identifying the superfluous. There are a large number of entertaining manuals on which you can work out this skill, but classes can also be carried out using improvised means.

For example, ask your toddler to choose what to remove by offering him some fruits and one vegetable.

Behavior in society

Parents of a young student should think not only about academic performance, but also about how to help him join the class team. We offer recommendations that will help you understand how to quickly prepare your child for school over the summer.

Develop in it:

• Independence. Teach your child to dress themselves and tie their shoelaces, to watch their appearance and change into a sports uniform before physical education. You can show that he is an adult, equal, but this status has not only privileges, but also responsibilities. No need to collect a portfolio for him, better check when the job is already done. The same goes for homework: try to convey in a soft way that keeping a school diary is his business. But do not go too far in this matter. Remember that first of all, the baby should feel your love and support. Let him feel that he has a reliable rear, where he can come with any problem, both life and study.

• perseverance. It is difficult for little ones to readjust after the unemployed years of childhood, and the time of a standard lesson seems like an eternity to them. When you work with your son or daughter, help them get used to doing the activity for a while, gradually increasing the load. We recommend starting with 15 minutes, and by the beginning of the school year, increase the time to half an hour.
• Friendliness. Tell us why you can’t fight with classmates and call them names, but don’t forget to add that you need to be able to stand up for yourself. Explain that snitching is bad. At the same time, try to convey that in some situations it is necessary to tell adults about what happened. For example, if someone tortures animals or offends the weak.
• Politeness. Teach your son or daughter the formulas of etiquette communication. Remind that when meeting with any person you need to say “hello”, and when saying goodbye, explain about “thank you” and “please”.

A very important point for which you must set your child up is cultural behavior during breaks. He should know that at school you can’t run along the corridors, scream, climb furniture with your feet.

Practitioners working with preschoolers offer several recommendations for those who have a future first grader:

• Don't compromise the teacher. Even if you do not agree with him on some issues, express your dissatisfaction in a personal conversation, and not to your son or daughter. If you feel that due to youth, inexperience, or other factors, the teacher is not coping with the duties assigned to him, try to help him. For example, suggest that the parent committee take some of the social burden off the teachers' shoulders. Psychologists say that junior and middle school age- this is the time to search for a new authority, in addition to the parent. The middle link looks for it in peers, and the younger one looks for it in the teacher. Therefore, it is very important for moms and dads not to undermine this authority, but to support it in every possible way. Disappointment in an elementary school teacher can greatly shake the personality structure.

• Talk to children. Be sure to ask how each school day went. Please note that the conversation should not be limited to listing the ratings received and discussing the dining room menu. Ask what you liked in the lessons and what you didn’t, what you remember and what interested you. If you have no time, it is better to postpone the conversation for the evening or choose another free time, but do not interrupt it in mid-sentence. Children talk about what seems important to them, so the ability to listen and hear your baby is necessary for every adult. In adolescence, parents begin to repeat in a voice: "He / she does not tell us anything, brushes aside all questions." Closeness and distrust of adults develop in schoolchildren in the first years of study if they feel that mom and dad do not have time for their problems and experiences. To prevent this from happening in your family, remember that a child will trust you with secrets only if he sees an interest in them.
• Do not evaluate learning activities. Leave it to the teachers. You should help and support the young student, and not take on the role of overseer. If the child does not cope with some subject, start studying with him, and do not scold him for bad grades.
• Let rest. Even if academic performance leaves much to be desired, do not force the "Losers" to study all day. Distribute the time so that it is enough for completing the main lessons, and for additional exercises, and for the boy to play football in the yard, and the girl to jump in the classics or ride a bicycle. Focus on active, outdoor games that take place in the fresh air. They unload consciousness, free it to receive new knowledge. But computer shooters and watching cartoons can be reduced until the grades return to normal.
• Don't read textbooks ahead of time. No need to go through the annual material for the summer with the future first grader. He will become bored in the classroom, and interest in learning will disappear. If the material is given to your child very easily, consult with the class teachers. In schools, there are several programs of varying complexity: if necessary, an increase in the level is possible.

• Be mindful of temperament. When choosing a school, pay attention to the type of nervous system of the person who is going to study there. Cholerics are active and restless, they take criticism hard. For them and for sanguine people, programs of increased complexity are suitable. A wide variety of tasks will not only keep their attention on their studies, but will also contribute to increasing interest in school life. For phlegmatic and melancholy people, the fast pace of the lesson will be a difficult test. They are included in the work gradually, they think for a long time on one task. Choose for them a regular school, with standard requirements or a bias in one area.
• Learn by playing. Determine the subject that the little student likes the most and expand his horizons in this area, use game techniques. If he shows interest in the world around him, go to parks, zoos, aquariums together, read more books about animals. If he likes math, count steps, people on the street, steps to the store or to school. If he is interested in stories about the events of the past, make a family tree together, ask grandparents to tell you something, and the Genealogy House will help you get unique information about your family.

When preparing a child for school, listen to psychologists and teachers, read methodological and popular science literature on this topic, ask friends who have already passed this stage for advice, but do not try to blindly imitate all the recommendations.

You know your child like no one else, you understand his strengths and weaknesses. Only you can find the right approach to it. homeschooling and understand how best to prepare it. Listen to your heart, but do not forget about the advice of experts.

Check out the list of knowledge and skills that your child must master before entering the primary school. With the help of testing at home, determine what additional classes the future first grader needs.

What should a child be able to do for school?

It is necessary to start preparing a son or daughter for the first grade from 3-4 years old. Competent preschool preparation of children at home includes the development of the following skills for children:

• List family members by name, describe yourself and their appearance.
• Tell what parents are by profession, what mom and dad do at work.
• State your residential address.
• Know the seasons, describe their distinctive features. List the days of the week, the names of the months.
• Be able to take care of yourself: independently dress, undress, lace up shoes.
• List the parts of the human body.
• Learn and apply in everyday life the words of politeness, the rules of behavior in the society of peers and adults.
• List the letters of the alphabet, distinguish between vowels and consonants, read short words.
• Count to 20, use backward counting.
• Be able to add and subtract within 20.
• Know primary colors.
• Perform simple logic exercises, excluding the “extra” object from the row.
• Know the simplest geometric shapes (square, triangle, circle) and be able to draw them.
• Distinguish directions (up, down, right, left, forward, backward).
• Compare objects: more-less, wider-narrower, higher-lower.
• Orally describe the image in the picture.
• Retell short text.
• Distinguish between animate and inanimate objects, list domestic and wild animals.

Methods of preparing children for school

You can successfully prepare a child for school at home, if you follow several pedagogical principles:

• Using the game as a way to transfer a child 6 years of basic educational material.
• Education of a preschooler should be gradually redirected from a visual-effective method to a visual-figurative one.
• Educational games for children 6 years old should last no more than 25 minutes. Between training sessions, you need to provide the child with rest (at least a quarter of an hour).
• It is necessary to maintain the cognitive interest of a preschooler by frequent changes in game forms.

Use the exercises developed by innovative teachers to prepare preschoolers for school. Effective Methods modern pedagogy:

• Didactic material helps to quickly teach children to read in warehouses, develop logical thinking and speech apparatus. Letters, syllables, punctuation marks are written on cubes of different colors and sizes. The set also contains study tables. The cubes are filled with different contents, so they make different sounds. Thanks to this, a child of 6 years old learns to distinguish objects by weight, sound. There is a development of the visual, tactile, auditory spheres of the preschooler.

• The pedagogical approach is based on respect for the child as an individual. The role of an adult is to reveal the creative, intellectual potential of the baby. Parents and educators who use this technique create special learning zones in the room: sensory, mathematical, linguistic, etc. Geometric shapes, lacing frames, puzzles, counting sticks, etc. are used for classes.

• teaches children independence. Adults only observe, suggest, motivate boys and girls to physical and mental development. According to the authors of the methodology, every child is endowed with a number of unique inclinations from birth. If you do not train, abilities fade over time. The Nikitins developed the Uniclub dice game with 60 tasks of different difficulty levels.

How to prepare your child for school

Each mother can independently prepare a 6-year-old child for school at home or take them to special courses. Classes at home are good because they make it possible to choose an individual curriculum for a son or daughter. Preschool courses, kindergartens, in addition to preparing for school, teach children of 6 years to be independent, communicate with peers.

Math classes for toddlers

Preparing for school at home should be systemic. The mechanical memory of the child is activated by repeated repetition of educational material. Examples of game situations for children 4-6 years old, helping to learn the basics of mathematics:

• Build a path, a bench, a gate, a house, etc. from multi-colored cubes according to the scheme. An adult can draw a schematic drawing on his own. Ask your child to count how many cubes of different colors were needed for a particular shape.
• Combine hazelnuts, raw peanuts and walnuts. Ask your child to arrange them in saucers by type, compare the size. Offer to count the nuts. Let him determine which plate has more of them. Along with counting skills, this game develops fine motor skills of little boys and girls, which activates them. mental activity and prepares fingers for writing.
• Cut out large squares from colored cardboard and cut them into 2-4 elements. Offer to assemble a figure from parts of the same color. Say the name of the geometric elements. For example, a square is obtained from two triangles.
• Prepare some sweets (buttons, pebbles). Count them with your child. Arrange objects behind your back in 2 palms. Ask to guess how many sweets are in the right (left) hand. When checking, count aloud together. If the kid guessed at least once, he becomes the leader.
• When playing role-playing games (farm, hospital, shop, etc.), come up with simple addition and subtraction problems. For example, 2 hares came to Dr. Aibolit, and then a bear and a fox. How many animals did the good doctor cure in total?
• To play you will need a children's musical instrument. Show the girl or boy the squares with drawn circles. Let the baby hit, for example, a tambourine as many times as there are figures in the figure. Change roles.
• Get your counting sticks ready. On cardboard squares, write numbers from 1 to 20. Lay out several items from sticks (house, bench, path). Let the son (daughter) put a square with a number next to the building. This number should correspond to the number of sticks in the figure. Change roles. Mistake intentionally. Let the kid test you.

How to teach a child to write

Any mother can teach a child to write at home, without giving it to a children's institution. From the age of 2, conduct classes on the development of fine motor skills of babies. Examples of finger exercises:

• Transferring pieces of foam rubber from box to box using clothespins, children's tweezers.
• Choose from a mixture of cereals (buckwheat, barley, etc.) large pasta of various shapes. Arranging them by type in different plates.
• Fastening and unbuttoning buttons of various sizes.
• Performing finger exercises.
• Modeling of plasticine sausages, balls, cakes, etc.

Teach your child to use drawing tools as early as possible: pencils, brushes, felt-tip pens, etc. Do not immediately try to teach your child how to hold them correctly. It is important for little boys and girls to independently study and master the principle of operation of objects for drawing. Shapeless drawings are an important stage in the development of a baby's creativity and learning to write. During this period, do not correct the children, do not impose your point of view on them.

Suggest the following techniques to your preschool son or daughter:

• coloring drawings;
• drawing lines, zigzags, dots, waves;
• drawing simple geometric shapes.

When teaching a 6-year-old child to write at home, follow these recommendations:

• buy a comfortable ballpoint pen for the baby, show how to hold it correctly;
• start classes by drawing straight, broken, wavy lines;
• then teach the preschooler to circle the cells and their configurations;
• gradually move to writing in block letters;
• use printed notebooks for classes;
• move on to learning how to write elements capital letters only after the preschooler learns the alphabet well.

Teaching preschoolers to read

In pedagogy, there are 3 methods by which you can teach a preschooler to read. The first way is phonemic or sound. The minimum units of reading in it are sounds. Toddlers need to learn how to fold them. To do this, for example, they use such a game technique: a card with a consonant letter is placed in the back of a toy car. While the truck is moving, the sound is pronounced slowly.

On the side is a card with a vowel. As soon as the machine reaches it, they pronounce a vowel sound, getting a syllable. This method sometimes causes difficulty in babies with impaired speech and poor concentration. The second method of teaching reading is global. In it, the minimum unit of reading is the word. This method is more physiological, but long. The kid in a playful way is invited to remember a lot of short words written on cards.

Visual memory in children well developed. After a while, your son or daughter will begin to emphasize these words in any conditions - on signs, billboards, etc. The Global Reading Method can be used from 4 months of age. The disadvantage is that all the features of the Russian language cannot be reflected on the cards. This method is good as a basis for teaching a child to read.

The third method is warehouse. It is considered the most popular and effective. The easiest way to learn to read is with the help of Zaitsev's cubes. You can start training from the age of 3.5, because the mental activity of the baby during this period is very high. For the Zaitsev technique to be effective, you need:

• It is good to know the nature of a child of this age: physical, psychological characteristics.
• Do not combine warehouse and phonemic ways of teaching reading.
• Follow N. Zaitsev's instructions.
• Use for classes and cubes, and tables developed by the teacher.

• Invite the baby to line up the cubes on which there is the letter "O". Say that this is how the train is going. In order for the trailers to hit the road, you need to read the syllables.
• Prepare small toys. Say, for example, that the chanterelle will go in the "co" trailer. The daughter or son must find a cube with a given syllable and put a toy on it.
• Build short words on the floor from cubes - “mom”, “dad”, “nata”, etc. Invite the baby to jump over them. After each jump, you need to say a word. At the end of a series of obstacles, put boxes with a surprise (toys, sweets) that the preschooler receives for participating in the game.
• Make up the names of the child, mom, dad from the cubes. These are trailers in which the family goes on a trip. Invite the preschooler to turn away. Mom says that the evil wizard mixed up all the cars. The boy (girl) must restore the order of words (syllables).
• Set up a row of several toys. Use the cubes to write the name of one of them. Invite the child to guess what is written. Change roles.

The Internet offers free videos on teaching children to read. The advantage of interactive lessons are guidelines for parents, a gradual transition from simple tasks to complex ones. Educational computer games for preschoolers are designed to memorize the alphabet, read syllables, simple words.

creative pursuits

If you can develop your child's cognitive interest, creative thinking before entering school, it will be easy for him to learn. Drawing, modeling, making handicrafts from improvised materials contribute to the development of imagination, a creative view of the world. It is important not to impose your vision on children, to provide them with a wide field for creativity.

Examples of creative activities for preschoolers:

• Collect colorful pictures to prepare children for school. They should depict characters from fairy tales, objects, numbers, clothes, objects of nature, etc. The game consists in compiling a short story using several pictures chosen at random. The more cards, the more varied the plots for creativity.
• Magnetic Theatre. Use a metal surface for theatrical action, such as a candy tin. Cut out fairy tale characters from magazines or draw on paper, stick them on magnetic tape. You can buy it at the craft store. By attaching characters and decorations with the sticky side to a metal surface, come up with entertaining stories with your child.
• Crafts from anything. Collect waste materials: egg cartons, thread, wood chips, scraps, buttons, etc. Provide the child with the necessary tools for creativity. Show your preschooler how to use a glue gun, stapler, tape, etc. Help your son/daughter craft by encouraging him/her to be creative.

Psychological preparation of the child for school at home

The ability of the child's nervous system to quickly move from excitement to a calm state indicates the preschooler's readiness for the emotional stress of school. So that children quickly adapt to different living conditions:

• Teach your child to finish what they started.
• Practice perseverance. By the age of 6, a preschooler should be able to concentrate his attention on a specific lesson for 20-25 minutes.
• Play with a child of 6 years in the "school". Let him be both a student and a teacher in a role-playing game.
• Maintain a trusting relationship with your son or daughter. It is important that your child be sure to tell you about their problems at school.
• Teach your preschooler how to overcome adversity. Show during the game that making mistakes is not scary. Suggest a way out of a difficult situation. Never do a six-year-old assignment.
• Teach yourself to be independent. For example, assign a preschooler to go grocery shopping.
• Instill responsibility, honesty, justice. A visit by a child to children's circles will help parents see how their son or daughter communicates with peers and gently correct behavior.
• Tell children 6 years old about school. Explain school rules, give examples from your own school life.
• Visit with your son or daughter the school in which the child will be enrolled. Introduce the preschooler to the teacher in advance. Write down in the "zero class", where the teacher is engaged with future classmates.

Video

Opinions about how to properly prepare a future student for training sessions at home differ among parents. Some are sure that the last summer before lessons should be spent exclusively in relaxation, others load their child as much as possible so that in the future it does not lag behind classmates. Only later it turns out that some children become “retrained” and they are bored in the classroom, others count and read perfectly, but lose things and are completely unaware of the building educational institution, others read English well, but have difficulty learning their own language or discomfort in communication. The list is endless, teachers primary school many similar stories. How to find the golden mean so that the baby will open a new stage in his life with interest?

Psychological readiness of the child for the school process

Psychological preparation for the school process of kids is the most important. It is of tremendous importance, regardless of what type of educational institution was chosen:

1. Improving communication skills with other children, accepting oneself in the social position of the student. The experience gained reflects his personal maturity. Psychologists recommend entrusting this mission to professionals working in centers for preparing children for the school process. The sooner parents turn to them, the more effective the result will be.
2. The kid must understand that when faced with difficulties, parents and a teacher will always be next to him, ready to help. Together we can tackle any challenge. Volitional maturity in the process of preparing a baby is determined by his readiness for self-expression, the fulfillment of educational requirements.
3. Intellectual maturity is very important for a child. It is determined by the quantity vocabulary words, knowledge about the world, the ability to analyze and build a logical chain. A prepared child is able to express his thoughts, carry out the tasks of teachers, freely communicate on topics familiar to him.

Skills and abilities that a future student should master

Below is a list of general requirements that every kid who has to cross the school threshold should cope with:

• your full name, your birthday and your home address;
• know letters, navigate vowels and consonants, read short texts (at least by syllables);
• know the differences between the seasons, be able to describe them (the vocabulary is determined);
• navigate the time of day;
• name the basic geometric shapes and be able to depict them;
• memorize short texts, be able to retell it (diction, memory are determined).

School preparation should also include the following skills:

• correct behavior in public places;
• self-care without the help of adults, putting things in order at the workplace;
• a description of what is shown in the picture;
• counts up to 20;
• names of color shades;
• answers to the questions: “who?”, “when?”, why?”;
• a quiet pastime in the lesson for 20-25 minutes;
• differences in the direction of "up", "down", "right", "left".

Preparing for the school program with a teacher

If it was decided to study in a specialized center for preschoolers, then parents in choosing an organization need to pay attention to the following points:

1. The experience of teachers who are involved in working with kids. Does the development center have a license to conduct educational activities. The number of students in the class, the interior of the room, the availability of auxiliary educational material.
2. According to what programs and whether the system of conducting training sessions has been developed, what subject is emphasized, how long the lessons last, whether the teacher uses an individual approach to each student - these questions should be of interest in the first place. If the center for the preparation of children has a narrow specialization, it is worth considering whether this is necessary.
3. The presence of classes that are aimed at developing the creative abilities of the baby. Such lessons are an obligatory part of the preparation.
4. Pay attention to the general atmosphere in the classroom: whether the children are interested in learning, whether they feel inspired and want to learn more.

Preparing for the school curriculum at home

Of course, competent specialists in the field of pedagogy will quickly and professionally cope with all the above requirements. But what about those parents who independently deal with the baby and carry out his preparation for school? What to look for:

1. A prepared future student must know all the letters in the alphabet. Then you should gradually move on to reading by syllables. It will be much easier for a child in school classes if he masters reading in advance. The acquired skill will be reflected in the correct sequence of writing letters. By the way, you should start writing in block letters, so the child will quickly master the letter. Hand training should be regular.
2. Development of speech and diction. Invite your child, after watching a cartoon or a scientific children's program, to retell what they heard and saw. Do not neglect his opinion, teach him to express his thoughts without hesitation. The kid needs frequent communication, he asks numerous questions that at first glance may seem silly to parents, but do not neglect the answers to them.
3. The ability to count is an important skill that many children should acquire by the first grade. Start by counting the plates on the table, the fingers, the number of books on the shelf, and so on. Then you can buy counting sticks or continue to develop abilities with colored pencils. An ordinary walk can be turned into an exciting activity. You can count puddles or trees, name the colors of the leaves and the size (big/small) of the animals that you meet on the way, distinguish between inanimate/animate objects.
4. The intellectual development of children cannot be imagined without creativity. To improve fine motor skills of the hands, you can create all kinds of crafts. On the Internet you can find a huge number of master classes for every taste. Sculpting from clay and plasticine, working with scissors, paints and brushes also helps your child learn to write.
5. Before you go to first grade, the baby must learn the rules of behavior, independence and safety indoors and outdoors. Wake up and go to rest at a certain time, do homework daily, do sports exercises for 30-40 minutes. Parents need to learn to let their children go. Let it be almost independent walks in the yard, when mom or dad is watching their baby from the side, trying not to interfere in the conversations that arise between children, especially in the case of a small conflict. It is important for parents not to get angry and not express their irritation if something does not work out for the future student. Each baby is unique and has its own rate of development.

It is easier and more fun for a kid who is properly prepared for the school program to be in class and take direct part in it. Parental support, friendships with other students, professionalism of the teacher and proper organization curriculum, used at home or in specialized institutions - all this will help the baby prepare for classes at an educational institution.

Preparation for school, classes for preschoolers is a topic that worries many parents. What should a child know before going to school? How to instill in him the skills needed in the assimilation of school material? We will talk about this in detail in this article.

1. What should a child know and be able to do at 6-7 years old
2. Preparing for school: where to start
3. Tasks for preparing for grade 1
4. Fundamentals of mathematics - our personal experience
5. School Ready Games

Hello dear readers! This article is dedicated to those whose baby will soon become a first grader. Preparation for school, classes for preschoolers is one of the main topics for caring parents. In addition, they have many questions. Will the child study well, will he go to school with pleasure, will he overcome a considerable amount of program material? True, some parents believe that preparing for school is superfluous, “they will teach you everything there.” This is not true. An unprepared child is sure to face certain difficulties in learning. If you want to make the school program easier for your offspring, help him!

In this article I will describe the main parameters, by which you can determine for yourself whether your child is ready to step into school life. I advise you to take a piece of paper with a pen and as you read, note for yourself the points that you should work on. I work with my son on a regular basis, describe in detail our classes, share my experience with readers. Therefore, in the article you will see links to the classes I have already covered, and if you need to work on this fad, do not be too lazy to go and read a separate article. So, let's begin!

What a child needs to know and be able to

It is believed that a child of 6-7 years of age should have the following knowledge and skills:

• Know your own last name, first name and patronymic. It is also necessary to know the surnames, first names and patronymics of the parents, their place of work, their address and telephone number;
• know the name locality where he lives, the correct names of other countries of the world;
• know the names of animals, be able to distinguish wild animals from domestic ones, be able to divide them into categories (a sparrow is a bird, a shark is a fish, a bear is an animal). In addition, you need to know the names of the most common plants, vegetables, fruits and berries;
• know the times of day, seasons, their sequence, as well as the number of months in a year, the number of days in a month and a week. In addition, the baby should know what the days of the week are called;
• you need to have an idea about the main natural phenomena;
• names of the most common colors;
• know the names of several sports;
• answer the names of the most common professions, be able to tell what people related to a particular profession do;
• the baby needs to be able to talk about his favorite activities;
• at the age of 6-7, children need to know the rules of the road and the purpose of road signs;
• basic knowledge is needed for teaching reading, writing and mathematics (the ability to highlight a certain letter in a word, print letters, count up to 10 back and forth, solve easy examples within these numbers, even if using visual objects).

A lot of? Yes, a lot! The task of parents is to help master this knowledge.

How to start preparing children for school

Preparing children for school includes a variety of tasks and exercises. Let's take a look at the main areas.

Development of cognitive, emotional and communicative spheres

It is at preschool age that the formation of the foundations of communication in a team takes place. Be that as it may, a school is, first of all, a team. What do parents need to know?

1. Consider the child's temperament, his habits and desires. Don't rush things. One kid cannot do without friends, the other has a great time in the company of his favorite toys. Allow the child to be himself.
2. Be an example, children, without realizing it, often copy the behavior of adults in relation to other people. Your own example works better than any edification.
3. Listen carefully to your son or daughter, ask questions, show that the story is really interesting.

The development of oral speech of a preschooler

Here are some tips for speech development.

I also advise you to listen to the opinion of a speech therapist:

Learning to read

Contrary to many myths and conjectures, no one will require the ability to read fluently from a first-grader. Another thing is that it is important that the child remembers the names of the letters and their corresponding sounds. To do this, there are many options for a split alphabet, cubes and puzzles with letters. There are also a huge number of computer educational games (below I will advise our favorite), but you should not get too carried away with them.

Useful exercises when teaching a preschooler

These tasks for preparing for school will help with the development of writing, drawing skills, develop the ability to think and draw conclusions.

Logic exercises

Quite serious requirements are imposed on the preschooler in the field of logic. For example, you need:

• So that he can find the extra among several objects;
• write a story based on the given pictures;
• combine several items according to a common feature (this feature must be found independently);
• continue the story.

Logic exercises help a preschooler develop independent thinking, speech, and the ability to communicate with peers if several children are involved. Here is an example of logical exercises for preschoolers from Mercibo. After registering on their website, you can choose games for the right age and start an exciting journey.

I assure you it's interesting! My son is delighted with the program, and I am game form, in which sometimes difficult tasks are presented. Do not leave the child alone with tasks, if it is difficult for him, and there is no one nearby who will help - interest will disappear and time will be wasted. Our experience of classes on developing sites.

Development of fine motor skills

Preparing for school, classes for preschoolers are unthinkable without the development of fine motor skills. The formation of fine finger motor skills is all the more important because by the age of 6-7 the formation of the areas of the cerebral cortex, which are responsible for the development of small muscles of the hand, ends.

For the formation of fine motor skills, drawing, making crafts from plasticine, clay, wax, assembling a designer, appliqué from various materials (fabric, matches, colored paper) are very useful. Let not everything and not always work! It is important to support the child in his efforts, to say that everything will certainly work out. The kid becomes more confident in himself, his self-esteem increases.

Closer to 6-7 years old, boys and girls can get involved in modeling according to the instructions. The result becomes important for children, they follow the rules with pleasure. Simple but very visual books by Vera Grof can help them with this.

We prepare the foundation for mathematical knowledge

Mathematics is one of the most difficult school subjects. As a rule, mathematics in preparation for school causes the largest number complexities. I advise you to familiarize yourself with our experience in preparing a preschooler for the first grade. Here are some interesting articles that are sure to be helpful.

Math for preschoolers

Mathematics is not only necessary and difficult, but also very interesting science! In this article, I showed how to interest a child in solving mathematical problems. It is much more interesting for my son to study, imagining that these are not mathematical examples for addition and subtraction, but delicious pancakes or a magic flower with task petals and an answer in the center.

Five funny fingers

Take a piece of paper and a pencil. Ask the child to trace the fingers on the hand. Now a few tasks:

• Count the fingers on the hand;
• assign a specific number to each.

Looking for quadrilaterals

Draw some geometric shapes and ask your child to find only quadrilaterals. Let the kid count them and color them, for example, in green.

remember the number

Prepare cards with different numbers. Take two cards and ask the child to memorize their names. Then mix them with the rest of the numbers, ask them to choose exactly those that they remember.

Make up the numbers

This game is for a child who knows how to write this or that number. Prepare cards with numbers from 1 to 10. Cut the cards in half and ask the child to arrange the halves so that the images of the numbers are again obtained.

Here's our Valentine's Day heart math video:

Possible difficulties and errors

Consider the most common mistakes parents make, find out how to avoid mistakes when preparing for school.

1. Complete inactivity. As already mentioned, some parents mistakenly believe that the child will learn everything on his own, "there is nothing for him to dry his brains." Of course, he will learn, but it will be much more difficult for him than for trained peers. Yes, and the self-esteem of the baby suffers.
2. An equally serious mistake is to shift all responsibility to a kindergarten or a center child development. No one says that teaching a preschooler is a simple matter, but it is available to all parents who are interested in a good result.
3. "Better late than never". In this case, the proverb does not work. Trying to make a child a genius a few months before the significant September 1st, feverishly performing various tasks, is at least unreasonable. It is necessary that preparation for school, classes for preschoolers be regular and a few years before the first school bell.
4. The most common misconception is to try at all costs to teach a child the skills of reading, counting and writing. Of course, these are wonderful skills, but they do not guarantee that the baby will successfully learn school material. Much more valuable skills are the ability to reflect, compare objects, trace connections between phenomena, and draw conclusions.

Sometimes it happens that the baby cannot understand the material in any way or does not learn it well enough. Nothing wrong with that. It's just that the future student has not formed the prerequisites for this material. It is important, when teaching a child, not to discourage him from studying, not to harm the future educational process. Do not make preparation for school, classes for preschoolers become a routine. How to do it? Very simple. First, exercise regularly. Secondly, choose such games and exercises that are not only useful, but also like the child.

That’s all for today, dear readers, if the information seems useful to you, share it on social networks. networks with friends, observing . And I will try to please you with no less interesting articles. In order not to miss the weekly newsletter, please subscribe at the top of the page.